Repository logo
Communities & Collections
All of DSpace
  • English
  • العربية
  • বাংলা
  • Català
  • Čeština
  • Deutsch
  • Ελληνικά
  • Español
  • Suomi
  • Français
  • Gàidhlig
  • हिंदी
  • Magyar
  • Italiano
  • Қазақ
  • Latviešu
  • Nederlands
  • Polski
  • Português
  • Português do Brasil
  • Srpski (lat)
  • Српски
  • Svenska
  • Türkçe
  • Yкраї́нська
  • Tiếng Việt
Log In
New user? Click here to register.Have you forgotten your password?
  1. Home
  2. Browse by Author

Browsing by Author "Dissanayake, D.M.A.B."

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 20 of 24
  • Results Per Page
  • Sort Options
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Adolescent sexual practices and contraceptive usage
    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya & Plan International, 2008) Herath, H.M.R.P.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Hilmi, M.A.M.; Pathmeswaran, A.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a critical period of development, as adoption of unhealthy risk behaviours such as unprotected sex, smoking and drug abuse, avoiding contraceptive methods will lead to long standing health and socioeconomic consequences. Therefore information is needed about the sexual practices and contraceptive usage of adolescents and young adults to develop interventions in the community. This study was undertaken to describe and compare the sexual practices, knowledge and usage of contraceptives by adolescents and young adults in selected urban and rural settings.METHOD: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among young adults aged less than 21 years at the time of interview in three settings in both rural and urban areas. The study subjects were students from universities, technical colleges and garment factory workers representing both rural and urban areas. The data was collected using a pretested self administered questionnaire during June 2007 to August 2007. Information collected included marital status, gender and the level of education, first sexual relationship (age, partner, contraception used), current contraceptive practices and knowledge about contraceptive methods. The data was analysed using SPSS 10.1 statistical package. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. RESULTS : There were a total of 1258 subjects who had returned the completed questionnaires. Out of them there were 290 garment factory employees, 480 technical college students, and 488 university students. The percentage of females was 58.9%. The mean ages of the males and the females of the total population were 20.75(50 1.13) years and 20.55(SD 1.63) and it was similar in the three settings. The level of education was highest among the undergraduates lowest among garment factory workers. Out of the population 303 (24.1%) were sexually active. It was significantly higher among males {33.5%0 than females (17.0%). Both among male and females this trend was significantly more common among garment factory workers. Sexual activity of the unmarried and the premarital sexual practices of married subjects are shown in the table. 6. 17% of females and 33.5% of males were sexually active before marriage. 90% male garment factory workers were sexually active. In contrast the proportion
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Antibiotics supplemented culture media can eliminate non-specific bacteria from human semen during sperm preparation for intra uterine insemination
    (Medknow Publications, 2014) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Amaranath, K.A.; Perera, R.R.D.P.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    RATIONALE: Bacterial flora can be isolated from many semen samples of subfertile males. Bacteriospermia can compromise the outcome of intra uterine insemination (IUI) by contaminating thepost-processed sperm sample. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study is to determine the efficacy of penicillin and streptomycin in eliminating the bacteria from semen samples in the sperm processing procedure, and to assess the effects of antibiotics on sperm motility, survivability, and pregnancy rates.DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A prospectively controlled study was carried out using couples undergoing IUI with their informed consent. INTERVENTION: Sperm processing using the swim-up technique in penicillin and streptomycin supplemented culture medium. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Couples were consecutively allocated in two groups for sperm processing (a) Group AB+ (antibiotics supplemented culture medium, n = 33) and (b) Group AB- (antibiotic free culture medium, n = 33). Semen culture was performed before and after sperm processing. Sperm motility was assessed immediately after processing and after 24 h of incubation.RESULTS: Bacterial isolates were found in 20 (60.6%) and 22 (66.1%) of samples before processing in Groups AB+ and AB- respectively. Addition of antibiotics resulted in completely eliminating non-specific bacteria from semen samples without affecting sperm motility. In vitro survival rate of sperm enhanced in AB+ group compared with AB- group (motile sperm after 24 h), 62.21% (standard deviation [SD]: 37.27) versus 41.36% (SD: 30.78), P = 0.012. Pregnancy rate, was comparable between two groups (9% in Group AB+ vs. 6% in Group AB-, P = 0.45). CONCLUSION: Penicillin streptomycin combination could completely eliminate non-specific bacteria from semen samples during sperm processing in this population. The types of antibiotics and dosage used did not seem to have any harmful effects on human sperm.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Chlamidia trachomatis infection in an infertile population, a cross sectional study
    (Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2010) Palihawadana, T.S.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Harshanie, A.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis is sexually transmitted and causes infection of the genital tract that leads to many long term complications. Invasive procedures in infected infertile females increase the risk of ascending infection and long term consequences. Though infertile individuals are considered a high risk population prevalence data for our population is not available. Furthermore, the use of risk factor identification in diagnosis is not well established. This study was planned to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection and to describe the socio-economic clinical characteristics that are associated with the presence of infection among a patient population who sought treatment for infertility at a tertiary care facility. METHOD: A cross sectional study was carried out among patients who sought infertility treatment at the infertility clinic of Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama. Two hundred married couples were included in the study. The socio-economic data and any symptoms suggestive of genital infections were collected and Chlamydia trachoma tis infection was diagnosed with a rapid antigen test using a commercial test kit. Intracervical swabs of the female and first void urine samples of the male were used. Data analysis was done to describe the prevalence of Chlamydia infection in each partner as well as to identify the number of couples where either partner was affected. Associations with recognized risk factors were identified. RESULTS: Presence of symptoms was low in the males while one third of female subjects had one or more symptoms. The Chlamydia test revealed 12(6%) female and 6(3%) male study participants to be positive for current disease. These study participants were from 15 couples giving a prevalence rate of either partner being positive in 7.5% of couples. Of the risk factors identified the duration of marriage or infertility, education level, household income, alcohol use and smoking by the male, and presence of symptoms did not demonstrate a significant association with the presence of the disease. Partners staying away from each other were significantly associated with a positive result. CONCLUSION: There is 7.5% disease prevalence among infertile couples seeking treatment. Risk assessment and clinical symptoms have a limited value in identification of affected couples. Couples living separately have a high risk of Chlamydia infection. The high disease prevalence warrants either screening or empirical treatment of all infertile female patients undergoing invasive procedures.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Differentiation of human male germ cells from Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells
    (Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2018) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Patel, H.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    OBJECTIVE: Recapitulation of the spermatogenesis process in vitro is a tool for studying the biology of germ cells, and may lead to promising therapeutic strategies in the future. In this study, we attempted to transdifferentiate Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) into male germ cells using all-trans retinoic acid and Sertoli cell-conditioned medium. METHODS: Human WJ-MSCs were propagated by the explant culture method, and cells at the second passage were induced with differentiation medium containing all-trans retinoic acid for 2 weeks. Putative germ cells were cultured with Sertoli cell-conditioned medium at 36℃ for 3 more weeks. RESULTS: The gene expression profile was consistent with the stage-specific development of germ cells. The expression of Oct4 and Plzf(early germ cell markers) was diminished, while Stra8 (a premeiotic marker), Scp3 (a meiotic marker), and Acr and Prm1 (postmeiotic markers) were upregulated during the induction period. In morphological studies, approximately 5% of the cells were secondary spermatocytes that had completed two stages of acrosome formation (the Golgi phase and the cap phase). A few spermatid-like cells that had undergone the initial stage of tail formation were also noted. CONCLUSION: Human WJ-MSCs can be transdifferentiated into more advanced stages of germ cells by a simple two-step induction protocol using retinoic acid and Sertoli cell-conditioned medium.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Differentiation of male germ cells from human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells
    (Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Patel, H.
    Rationale: Modelling the process of spermatogenesis is significant in elucidating important mechanisms such as reduction in ploidy, chromatin repackaging, initiation of motility, expression of different genes etc. Stem cell researchers are accumulating more data favouring towards the hopes of infertile males. Aim: To differentiate male germ cells using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Methodology: MSCs from umbilical cord blood were isolated, expanded and characterized using standard protocols. The cells at the second passage were induced with 10 μM All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) for two weeks. Stage specific genes expressed or suppressed at premeiotic, meiotic and post-meiotic stages were detected using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique, before and after the ATRA treatment. Morphological changes were assessed microscopically. Results: OCT4 a stem cell marker, and PLZF an early Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) marker, were down regulated during the induction period. Expression of other germ cell markers; pre-meiotic (Stra8), meiotic (Scp3) and post-meiotic (Acr, Prm1, Tekt1) were up regulated. However, morphological changes related to specific cell lineage were difficult to differentiate. Conclusion: Human cord blood derived MSCs can differentiate in to germ like cells without genetic manipulation. Further studies are designed to improve the efficacy of the culture system using sertoli cells and hormones.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effects of different Zinc levels in the sperm culture medium on sperm recovery and quality of sperms in the swims up procedure for sperm processing
    (University of Colombo, 2006) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Rathnasooriya, W.D.; Wimalasena, S.; Palihawadana, T.S.
    A controlled in vitro study was carried out to observe the effect of different Zinc (Zn) levels on sperm recovery rate, chromosome integrity, cell membrane integrity and motility in the swim up procedure. Semen samples were obtained from males who underwent seminal fluid analysis at the Infertility Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama. Twenty normozoospermicm samples were randomly selected for the study and each sample was processed with supplemented Earl's Balanced Salt Solution (EBSS) containing different concentrations of Zn [0.5ml of supplemented EBSS with 25μ1 of solution containing 0.6μmol (group 1) and 1.2 μmol (group 2) of Zn respectively]. One aliquot processed with 25 μl of physiological saline with added EBSS served as the control. Pre and post wash sperm counts and motility were recorded immediately after processing. Post wash sperms from the three groups were observed for chromosome integrity, cell membrane integrity, and motility. Motility changes after four hours of incubation were also observed. The mean sperm concentration showed an increase in group 1 compared to the control sample l21.87 ± 21.61 (SD) millions/ml compared to 18.34 ± 19.73 millions/ml, P<0.05] whereas a reduction was observed in group 2 [16.25 ± 17.73 (SD) millions/ml compared to 18.34 ± 19.73 millions/ml, P>0.05]. The mean differences in sperm concentration compared to the control showed statistically significant differences in both groups where an increase was observed in group 1 [3.52 ± 4.96 (SD) millions/ml] and a reduction in group 2 (- 2.08 ±6.59 millions/ml). The mean differences in sperm recovery rate showed significant differences in group 1 [8.97 ± 14.04 (SD) millions/ml] and group 2 (-4.85 ± 17.92 millions/ml) compared to the control. It was an increase in group 1 and a reduction in the sperm recovery rate in group 2. A significant reduction in mean sperm motility was observed in group 2 [67.33% ± 18.52 (SD) vs. 91.00% ± 9.60, P<0.05] after four hours of incubation. Though a reduction was observed in group 1 it was not statistically significant (83.33% ± 8.72 vs. 93.60% ± 5.01, P>0.05). The motility reduction was significantly greater in group 2 compared to group 1 (26.01% ± 20.24 vs. 10.97% ± -8.35, P<0.05). Chromosome integrity and cell membrane integrity of sperms were not affected by different Zn levels. In conclusion, low levels of Zn in the sperm processing medium (EBSS) have a beneficial effect on sperm recovery in the swim up procedure.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effects of zinc on human semen quality and sexual behaviour of male rats
    (University of Kelaniya, 2008) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.
    The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of serum and seminal plasma zinc levels on semen quality of a subfertile male population. At the same time, effects of zinc on different aspects of male reproduction were studied. The study was carried out as a prospective hospital and laboratory based study. Semen samples from 152 males were analyzed. Seminal plasma and serum levels of zinc, serum hormone levels, seminal plasma fructose and neutral a- glucosidase levels of same males were also measured. Relationship between seminal plasma zinc and semen quality was observed using two markers; zinc concentration and total zinc per ejaculate (Total zinc). Effects of zinc on various functions of spermatozoa were studied in-vitro and, the effects on sexual competence of males were observed using a rat model. Of the 152 semen samples 55 (36 %) were normozoospermic and 97 (64 %) were pathozoospermic. The mean (SD) serum and seminal plasma zinc concentrations of the population were 0.94 (ig/ml (0.36) and 121.87 (ig/ml (69.13) respectively. Seminal plasma total zinc was significantly low in samples with low volume and hyperviscosity compared to samples with normal volume and viscosity; 139.72 ]ig (73.72) vs. 377.40 (ig (231.06), p < 0.01 for volume and 220.06 jag (144.09) vs. 336.34 |Ag (236.33), p < 0.05 for viscosity. Conversely significantly high amount of total zinc was found in low viability group compared to normal; 437.67 ug (283.88) vs. 305.15 (ig (221.19), p < 0.05. Percentage of pathozoospermics and volume abnormalities were significantly higher in abnormal total seminal zinc group compared to normal (pathozoospermics, 27 % vs. 7.3 % and volume abnormalities, 55.3 % vs. 8.8 %, p < 0.05). Mean zinc concentratiorfwas significantly high in Asthenozoospermics compared to normal motile group; 138.11 u.g/ml (83.92) vs. 110.69 11 fig/ml (54.59), p < 0.05. Significantly positive correlations were found between total seminal plasma zinc and volume (r = 0.53, p < 0.01) as well as total sperm count (r = 0.21, p < 0.05). whereas correlation between seminal zinc and pH was inverse (r = -0,193, p < 0.05 for zinc concentration and r = -0.280, p < 0.01 for total zinc). In contrast serum zinc levels correlated positively with seminal plasma pH (r = 0.167, p < 0.05). Gonadotropin levels were significantly high in azoospermics compared to normozoospennics; LH - 12.82 mlU/ml (11.82) vs. 5.90 mlU/ml (2.78), FSH - 19.69 mlU/ml (9.93) vs. 4.18 mlU/ml (2.78), p < 0.05). FSH level was inversely correlated with sperm concentration (r = -0.203, p < 0.05) and total sperm count (r = -0.206, p < 0.05). There was an inverse correlation between seminal plasma zinc concentration and serum PRL levels (r = -0.198, p < 0.05). Serum zinc concentration showed a negative correlation with serum T levels (r = -0.207, p < 0.05). Both fructose concentrations and total fructose were significantly low in abnormal volume group compared to normal; 15.30 u.mol/ml (1.52) vs. 44.27 umol/ml (2.44) for fructose concentration and 19.06 umol (2.39) vs. 160.63 umol (16.0) for total fructose, p < 0,0001. Mean fructose concentration was significantly high in oligozoospermic group compared to normal; 45.33 umol/ml (5.02) vs. 35.07 umol/ml (2.39). p < 0.05. Total neutral a -glucosidase activity was significantly low in low volume group compared to normal; 55.37 mU (8.79) vs. 140.93 mU (15.36). p < 0.0001. Seminal plasma total zinc positively correlated with total fructose (r = 0.378, p < 0.001), and NAG (r = 0.247. p < 0.001). In-vitro incorporation of zinc. > 5.0 umol/ml into the processed sperm samples and, > 10 umol/zinc into unprocessed sperm samples, caused an impairment of the progressive motility of sperms. Incorporation of 1.2 umol/ml of zinc into sperm culture medium exerts a significantly beneficial effect on sperm recovery rate. The mean post wash sperm concentration showed an increase in the 1.2 umol/ml of zinc added group compared to the zinc devoid sample; 21.87 million/ml (6.61) vs. 18.34 million/ml (9.73), p < 0.05. The percentage of hyperactwated sperm also increased in 1.2 umol/ml zinc added group compared to zinc devoid group; 46.70 % (3.80) vs. 38.83 % (3.56), p < 0.05. In behavioural studies, supplementation of zinc (5 mg/day) for two weeks led to a prolonged ejaculatory latency; 711.6 Sec. (85.47) vs. 489.50 Sec. (67.66), p < 0.05 and an increase in penile thrusting compared to controls; 52.80 Sec (11.28) vs. 26.50 Sec (6.17), p< 0.05. Similarly the PRL and T levels were significantly increased after the treatment period compared to hormone levels before the treatment; PRL - 7.22 ng/dl (3.68) vs. 2.90 ng/dl (0.34) and T - 8.21 ng/ml (6.09; vs. 2.39 ng/ml (1.79), p < 0.05. In conclusion, this study revealed that zinc is beneficial in male reproduction in different aspects.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effects of zinc on human semen quality and sexual behaviour of male rats
    (2009) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Efficacy of two sperm preparation techniques in reducing non-specific bacterial species from human semen
    (Medknow Publications, 2013) Abeysundara, P.K.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Perera, R.R.D.P.; Nishad, A.A.N.
    CONTEXT: Artificial reproductive techniques using seminal preparations with bacteria may cause pelvic inflammatory disease and its sequalae. AIMS: To assess efficacy of two sperm preparation techniques to clear bacteria and the effect of bacteriospermia on sperm recovery rates. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among males of subfertile couples. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Semen samples were randomly allocated into swim-up method (group S, n = 68) and density gradient method (group D, n = 50) for sperm preparation. Seminal fluid analysis and bacterial cultures were performed in each sample before and after spermpreparation. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: McNemar's chi-squared test and independent samples t-test in SPSS version 16.0 were used. RESULTS: Organisms were found in 86 (72.88%) out of 118 samples, before sperm preparation; Streptococcus species (n = 40, 46.51% of which 14 were Group D Streptococcus species), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (n = 17, 19.76%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 13, 15.11%), Coliform species (n = 11, 12.79% of which 09 were Escherichia coli) and Corynebacterium species (n = 5, 5.81%). There was a statistically significant reduction of culture positive samples in raw vs. processed samples; in group S, 49 (72.05%) vs. 16 (23.52%) and in group D, 37 (74%) vs. 18 (36%). In group S and D, mean (SD) recovery rates of culture positive vs. culture negative samples were 39.44% (SD-14.02) vs. 44.22% (SD-22.38), P = 0.39 and 52.50% (SD-37.16) vs. 49.58% (SD-40.32), P = 0.82 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both sperm preparation methods significantly reduced bacteria in semen, but total clearance was not achieved. Spermrecovery rate was not affected by bacteriospermia.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluation of reproductive hormone profile in relation to semen quality in male partners of subfertile couples
    (Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2007) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Palihawadana, T.S.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Ratnasooriya, W.D.; Wimalasena, S.
    The objective of the study was to assess the reproductive hormone profile of a Sri Lankan subfertile male population and to relate it to their semen parameters. Male partners of 152 subfertile couples who sought treatment at the subfertility unit of the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Faculty of Medicine, Ragama were included in the study. Serum samples were assayed for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), Estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels, using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). A semen sample was obtained from each participant on the same day. Seminal fluid analysis was done according to the WHO guidelines. The mean (SEM) of FSH, LH, PRL, E2 and T levels of the males were 5.35 (0.53) mIU/mL, 6.20 (0.33) mIU/mL, 17.53 (0.60) ng/mL, 30.48 (1.80) pg/mL and 523.80 (14.74) ng/dL and the prevalence of abnormalities of these hormones were 9.8% (n=15), 5.9% (n=9), 13.15% (n=20), 0.6% (n=1) and 2.6% (n=4) respectively. Of the study population 20.3% (n=31) men had either single or combination of hormone abnormalities. When the mean hormone levels of the men with normal semen parameters were compared with those of men with abnormal semen parameters, none showed a statistically significant difference; FSH - 4.18 (2. 78) Vs 4.58 (3.15), LH - 5.90 (2.78) Vs 5.70 (2.36), PRL - 28.63 (14.96) Vs 17.59 (7.63) and T -551.39ñ208.17 Vs 515.73 (158.25). Mean (SD), FSH and LH levels were significantly higher among azoospermic participants compared with normozoospermics; 19.69 (9.93) Vs 4.18 (2.78) for FSH, 12.82 (11.82) Vs 5.90 (2.78) for LH, p<0.01). Similarly FSH and LH levels were significantly higher in severe oligospermic participants compared with the normozoospermics; 7.58 (4.34) Vs 4.18 (2.78) for FSH, and 6.96 (2.65) Vs 5.90 (2.78) for LH, p<0.05). The serum FSH level showed an inverse correlation with sperm concentration (r= -0.203, p<0.05) and total sperm count (r= -0.206, p<0.05). In conclusion, an endocrinopathy was present in up to 20% of this population. Abnormalities in Gonadotrophin levels were related with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. Serum FSH showed a negative correlation with the sperm concentration and the total sperm count. Other hormones failed to show a significant relationship with the semen parameters in this population. Acknowledgement: National Science Foundation research grant No. RG/2004/M/14
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    In vitro differentiation of human male germ cells from spermatogonial stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood
    (University of Kelaniya, 2017) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.
    Rationale: Spermatogenesis is a unique, complex and orchestrated process that requires a period of amplification of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs proliferation), the reduction, division (meiosis), and the morphological transformation of round spermatids into spermatozoa (spermiogenesis). Objective: Our objective was to recapitulate this process in vitro using umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs). Methodology: Blood was collected from the veins of umbilical cords and, mono nuclear cells (MNCs) were separated using the density gradient centrifugation over Ficoll-Hypaque. The separated cells were propagated in monolayer culture system. Cells were characterized using MSCs specific markers, and differentiation potential in to adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. At the second passage cells were induced with 10 flM all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for two weeks. Stage specific genes expressed or suppressed at pre-meiotic, meiotic and post-meiotic stages were detected using RT-PCR technique. Possibility of arising primitive stages of SSCs were determined by alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and GPR ] 25 gene expression. Putative germ cells were cultured with rat Sertoli cells for further four weeks. Chromosome spreading was used to observe meiotic reduction. Development of advanced stages of germ cells were detected using periodic acid Schiff stain and aniline blue stain. Results: The number offibroblastoid colony forming units (CFU-f) was very low in UCB samRles. However, the rate of proliferation was high, and reached 70% confluence within six weeks. Cells were positive for MSCs and pluripotent makers; CD44, CD 73, CD 90, CD 105 and OCT4. OCT4 a stem cell marker, and PLZF an early SSCs marker, were suppressed during the induction period. Expression of other germ cell markers; pre-meiotic (STRAS), meiotic (SCP3) and post-meiotic (ACR, PRMl) were increased. Mild ALP activity and lack ofGPR ]25 expression confirmed the absence of PGCs and early stages of SSCs. Around ] 5% transformed in to haploid cells after induction. Different stages of acrosome formation and replacement of histone from protamine were observed in post meiotic cells. Conclusion: Human cord blood derived MSCs can be differentiated in to male germ cells up to round spermatids stage without genetic manipulations. Further studies are needed to improve the culture techniques to transform spermatids into mature and functional sperm.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    In vitro spermatogenesis: a myth or reality?
    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.
    Spermatogenesis is a complex, unique and tightly coordinated process takes place in the seminiferous tubules. It is divided broadly into three distinct phases; proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (mitosis), reduction of chromosome number (meiosis) and transformation of spermatids into sperm (spermiogenesis). Recapitulation of this orchestrated process in vitro is significant in understanding germ cell biology, onset of some inherited disorders, treatment of infertility, and deciding methods of genetic manipulations and fertility preservation. Different attempts have been made using embryonic stem cells, somatic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and spermatogonial stem cells to achieve this goal. Studies have shown the potential capacity of stem cells to differentiate into germ cells under appropriate culture conditions. However, producing a functionally normal sperm is still a greater challenge for scientists. Results of our recent study indicated that umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate in to male germ cells lineage when induction with retinoic acid and co-culture with Sertoli cells. However, we could reach only up to post meiotic spermatid level as shown by majority of studies. Lack of epididymal support and correct endocrine profile may be the reason behind this failure. We have planned to elucidate this hypothesis in a future research.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    A preliminary study on bacteriospermia in males of subfertile couples
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2011) Abeysundara, I.D.H.P.K.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Perera, R.R.D.P.
    INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Bacteriospermia is common in subfertile men. Responsible organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns vary between populations Aim of this study was to identify the types of bacteria and their ABST pattern among males of subfertile couples. METHODS: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out. Semen samples of 105 males from subfertile couples were cultured in blood, chocolate and McConkey agar. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done using the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute technique. RESULTS: Mean age of the study population was 32.77 yrs (rage 22-48 yrs), mean duration of subfertility was 3 yrs (Range 1-12 yrs). In 98 couples there was primary subfertility. Bacterial growth was noted in 63 samples. Positive cultures were found in 58.2% with primary subfertility and in 85.7% with secondary subfertility. A single organism was cultured in 44. Mltiple organisms were cultured in 19 samples. In 21 samples a significant growth of >104 of colony forming units were noted. Organisms found were Streptococci (n=28 out of them 8 were group D), coagulase negative Staphylococci (n=27), Diptheroids (n=T2), coliforms (n=7 of which 3 were Escherichia colt), Staphyhcoccus aureus (n^5), Acinetobacter (n=2), and Candida albicans (n=l). A single antibiotic or a combination which covers most organisms was not found. CONCLUSIONS: In this study population 20% had a significant bacterial growth. Organisms were found to have varied ABST patterns. The effect of bacteriospermia on subfertility needs further evaluation. Acknowledgements: This study was supported by National Research Council (09-69).
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Relationship between seminal plasma zinc and semen quality in a sub fertile population
    (Medknow Publications, 2010) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Ratnasooriya, W.; Wimalasena, S.
    RATIONALE: Current knowledge on the relationship between seminal zinc levels and different parameters of human semen is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between seminal plasma zinc and semen quality using two markers; zinc concentration (Zn-C) and total zinc per ejaculate (Zn-T). DESIGN: The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Semen parameters of 152 healthy men undergoing evaluation for subfertility were assessed. Seminal plasma zinc levels were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Zn-C, expressed as μg/mL, was multiplied by ejaculated volume to calculate Zn-T. Mann Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to compare the zinc levels between different seminal groups when appropriate. Correlations were observed with Pearson's correlation of coefficient. Analysis was carried out using SPSS 10.0 for windows software. RESULTS: Zn-C was low in 23 (15%) samples, while in 32 (21%) of the samples Zn-T was abnormal. The number of subnormal samples was high in the low-zinc groups compared with the normal-zinc groups, 15 vs. 8 (P > 0.05) for Zn-C and 28 vs. 4 (P < 0.001) for Zn-T. Zn-C was significantly high in the asthenozoospermics compared with the normal motile group; 138.11 μg/mL (83.92) vs. 110.69 11 μg/mL (54.59) (P < 0.05). Zn-T was significantly low in samples with hyperviscosity compared with samples with normal viscosity; 220.06 μg (144.09) vs. 336.34 μg (236.33) (P < 0.05). Conversely, Zn-T was high in samples with low viability compared with those with normal viability; 437.67 μg (283.88) vs. 305.15 μg (221.19) (P < 0.05). Weak correlations were found between Zn and some semen parameters. However, the correlation was negative between pH and Zn-C (r = -0.193, P < 0.05) as well as Zn-T (r = -0.280, P < 0.01). On the other hand, correlations were positive between Zn-T and sperm count (r = 0.211, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Count, motility, viability, pH and viscosity are affected by variations of seminal plasma zinc. Seminal plasma Zn-T is the better marker for assessing the relationship between zinc and semen quality.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Semen ph in infertile males and its association with semen parameters
    (Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2005) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Palihawadana, T.S.; Amarasena, J.M.T.; Fernando, W.S.
    INTRODUCTION: Assessment of pH of the ejaculate is part of the basic seminal fluid analysis. The WHO defines the reference range for seminal fluid pH to be 7.2 or more. In practise we have observed that the pH is commonly in the alkaline range in patients with normal as well as abnormal seminal parameters. Furthermore, there are many others who question the reference range defined by the WHO, and claim it to be too low. Objective: To define the range of pH in seminal fluid in a infertile male population and to assess the association it shows to seminal fluid parameters. METHOD: Seminal fluid analysis including pH assessment was done on 168 males who sought infertility treatment at the university infertility clinic, at teaching hospital, Ragama. The pH was assessed within 30 minutes from collecting the sample using a pH meter. The seminal fluid analysis was done according to the WHO criteria. Log inversion of pH was done prior to calculation ofmeans. Results: The mean (±SD) pH of the sample population was 7.70 (±0.25) with a minimum of 6.78 and a maximum of 8.52. Only five patients (3%) had a pH less than 7.2. The distribution of the pH showed a 5" percentile value of 7.37 and a 95 'percentile of8.21.Thirty four percent (n=57) of subjects had a normal Seminal fluid analysis with regard to volume, concentration, motility and viability. Mean pH value showed a significant difference between the groups with a normal vs. abnormal volume of ejaculate, 7.75 vs. 7.59, P<0.05. Similar differences were not seen with any other semen parameter. Conclusion: The pH of ejaculate in this study sample is towards an alkaline range. Associations between semen pH and seminal parameters needs further study.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Seminal Fructose Corrected for Motile Sperm Count is a Better Marker for the Evaluation of Seminal Vesicles Function
    (University of Kelaniya, 2007) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Ratnasooriya, W.D.; Wimalasena, S.
    Introduction: Assessment of seminal plasma fructose in relation to seminal vesicles (SV s) function or semen quality is controversial. Majority supported the futility of assessing fructose levels in relation to SVs function or semen quality. One study has been reported that fructose corrected for motile sperm concentration is a better marker for evaluating SVs function. But there is no supportive evidence to prove this suggestion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine a better marker for the evaluation of seminal plasma fructose in relation to SV s function and semen quality using two markers; total fructose in the ejaculate (TF) and corrected seminal fructose (CF), calculated as (log motile sperm count) x (total fructose), in a Sri Lankan male population. Method: Semen samples were obtained from 152 men who attended the subfertility unit, Faculty of medicine, Ragama for semen analysis. Samples were analyzed for semen parameters. Seminal plasma fructose levels were measured using colorimetric method given in the WHO guidelines. Results: Prevalence of hypofunction of SVs was 11 % using total fructose as a marker and 19% using corrected fructose as a marker. Asthenozoospermia was observed in 5% of males with abnormal TF levels (<13 !!mol I ejaculate) and in 9 % of males with abnormal (low) CF levels. Volume, progressive motility, viability and morphology were significantly low in CF fructose abnormal samples (volume-2.0 Vs 2.9, motility-32.5 Vs 53.2, viability-60.3 Vs 72.7, morphology- 29.7 Vs 41.1, p<0.001), whereas only parameter significantly reduced in TF abnormal group was volume (1.5 Vs 2.9, p<0.001). Regression analysis showed a better coefficient of correlations between CF and sperm count (r"' 0.365, p<0.0001) and, motile sperm count (r'"0.294. p<0.0001). TF showed a weak positive correlation with sperm count (r= 0.197, p
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Sexual practices, knowledge and usage of contraceptives among adolescents and young adults
    (Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2008) Herath, H.M.R.P.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Hilmi, M.A.M.; Pathmeswaran, S.; Fernando, W.S.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a critical period of development, as important behaviour patterns are learnt during this period. The sexual debut in Sri Lankan schooling adolescents has been reported as 15.3 years for males and 14.4 for females. Furthermore a significant difference in the prevalence of heterosexual experience among the two sexes have been reported(14% among boys Vs 2% among girls). In 2001, of the pregnant women who received antenatal care from public health midwives, 7.8% were teenagers. Interestingly 22.2% of maternal deaths due to illegal abortions were in this age group during 1996. Thus the situation demands research into sexual practices and strategies to increase the contraceptive uptake by teenagers. OBJECTIVES: To describe and compare the sexual practices. knowledge and usage of contraceptives by the adolescents and young adults with different educational backgrounds. METHOD: Study was a cross sectional descriptive study done involving subjects of three different educational levels i.e. students of universities and technical colleges and employees of garment factories. Data were collected with a pretested self administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Data of 1258 subjects were analyzed. Of them 23% were garment factory workers, 38.2% were technical college students and 38.8% were university students. Females consisted 58.9% of the population. The mean age for males and females were 20.5 years and 20.7 years respectively. The mean age of first sexual relationship of males and females were at 17.65 and 19.44 years respectively (p<.001). Out of the total population 17% of females and 33.5% of males were sexually active. Sexual relationships were reported by 51.7% of garment factory employees, 19.4% technical college students and 12.3% of university students. Majority of male garment factory workers ("90 %) were sexually active. Of the 166 sexually active males 19.3% had sexual relationship with commercial sex workers. Out of the 172 people who have not used modern contraceptives during heterosexual relationships, 32% has used natural family planning. Significantly larger proportion (21.7%) of garment factory workers compared to other settings believed that IUCD would protect them from HIV infection. Of the study population 24.9% of females and 71.2% of males knew barrier methods would minimize the risk of development of HIV. With regard to primary source of information regarding contraceptive methods, 24.2 % and 23.4% of subjects reported school and news papers, while 28.4% felt that information from parents as the least important source. Of the people who selected school as their main source of information, only 41.4% knew barrier methods could protect them from HIV. Majority preferred instructions from school and special health clinics on contraceptive usage. CONCLUSIONS: Teenage and young adult males have their first sexual relationship at an earlier age than female counterparts. A larger proportion of garment factory employees are sexually active compared to students of technical colleges and universities. Significant proportion of males of the age group had their first relationship with commercial sex workers. The knowledge about different contraceptive methods among this population is inadequate. More emphasis should be given to the preferred media by the adolescents and young adults in educating them on contraceptive methods.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Significance of evaluating immature germ cells during semen analysis
    (Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2022) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Smoking and semen quality; Comparative study in a Sri Lankan subfertile population
    (Research Symposium 2009 - Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2009) Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.
    Rationale: Adverse effects of smoking on reproductive health are well established, but the extent of its effects on semen parameters is inconclusive. Aims: Aims of this study were to find out the prevalence of smoking habit in a subfertile population in Sri Lanka, and to find out the relationship between smoking and semen parameters. Design and setting: Cohort study was carried out at the, Infertility unit, department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama. Patients and Method: Detailed history (including smoking habit) was taken from 1300 men undergoing subfertility evaluation. Males with Azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, history of STI, mumps related orchitis, varicocele, DM, use of recreational drugs and regular medication for any other disease and occasional smokers were excluded. Four hundred men who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study (200 smokers and 200 non smokers). Semen analyses of all subjects with the standard 3-5 days of sexual abstinence were performed. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 10.0 for windows software. Result: Pathozoospermics were significantly high among smokers compared to non smokers (93 Vs. 73, p<0.05). Similarly, semen volume, total sperm count and morphology were low in smokers; mean (SD) volume 2.30 (1.18) Vs. 2.89 (2.36), total count 124.75 (105.14) Vs. 151.94 (114.10) and morphology 45.57 (13.05) 48.17 (12.86) respectively (p<0.05). Both duration of smoking and intensity (duration x number of cigarettes) had negative correlation with sperm viability; r = -0.199 and -0.151 respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with reduced semen quality affecting the semen volume, total sperm count, morphology and viability in this population.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A Study on Factors Associated with Clomifene Resistance in Infertile Women with WHO Group II Anovulation at a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka
    (Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2014) Palihawadana, T.S.; Dissanayake, D.M.A.B.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Seneviratne, H.R.
    Background: Anovulation is a common cause of infertility and induction of ovulation with oral agents such as clomifene is the treatment of choice in women with normogonadotropic anovulation. While such treatment is able to achieve ovulation in many, some women fail to respond thus termed as having clomifene resistance. Knowledge on factors associated with such resistance would enable us to counsel patients more accurately and offer alternative treatment modalities without undue delays. This study was aimed at identifying factors associated with clomifene resistance among infertile women with WHO group II anovulation at a teaching hospital in Sri Lanka. Method: A case control study was done at the Infertility clinic of the North Colombo teaching hospital, Ragama conducted by the department of obstetrics & Gynaecology of the University of Kelaniya. Women with WHO group II anovulation (n=128) were included and underwent induction of ovulation with clomifene citrate starting at a dose of 50mg per day, increased up to 150mg till ovulation was achieved. Those who fail to respond to a maximum dose of 150mg were termed as clomifene resistant. The factors known to be associated with clomifene resistance were compared between the two groups who responded and those who failed to respond. The study was registered with the Sri Lankan clinical trial registry maintained by the Sri Lanka Medical association. The study was funded by the National Science foundation of Sri Lanka through a research grant (Grant No: RG/2007/HS/08) Results: Ovulation was achieved in 77.3% (n=99) of subjects and therefore the prevalence of clomifene resistance was 22.8% (n=29). Among those who responded, 41 did so at a dose of 50mg per day while 40% did with 100mg, thus over 80% achieving ovulation at a dose of 100mg per day or less. The factors associated with clomifene resistance in this population included infertility of more than three years (OR 2.06, 95%CI 1.51-9.14), presence of hirsutism (OR 2.76, 95%CI 1.18-6.46), a higher AFC (16 vs 13, p=0.04), PCOS (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.06-8.41) and an LH:FSH ratio of > 1(OR3.11, 95%CI 1.33-7.24). Other factors that have been described to be associated with clomifene resistance such as advanced age, a BMI > 25, and a higher ovarian volume did not show any significant associations in this study. Discussion: This study was able to identify factors associated with clomifene resistance in a local population. Most factors identified included clinical and laboratory findings of PCOS thus highlighting the limitations in treatment success of clomifene among women with PCOS. This information may be used in clinical practice to counsel patients prior to treatment or to consider other alternative treatment options such as Letrozole or gonadotropins. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljog.v36i3.7715
  • «
  • 1 (current)
  • 2
  • »

DSpace software copyright © 2002-2025 LYRASIS

  • Privacy policy
  • End User Agreement
  • Send Feedback
Repository logo COAR Notify