Browsing by Author "Embuldeniya, P."

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A study on paintings at Pokunuwita Kithsirimewan Rajamaha Viharaya
(Globalization and the Developing World, 2nd ICSS, 2013) Embuldeniya, P.
Pokunuwita Kithsirimewan Rajamaha Viharaya is a protected monument which has great significance from historical and archaeological aspects. It is located in the Pokunuwita village, Horana division (Kalutara District, Western Province). The ancient image house which has paintings is of great significance throughout archaeological remains at this temple. This ancient image house dates to the last part of Kandyan period based the architecture, sculptures and paintings. Inside the sanctum (Garbha gruhaya) of image house is a seated sculpture of Lord Buddha, two standing sculptures of Lord Buddha, standing sculptures of God Vishnu and God Sumana Saman and paintings of Buddhist monks, God Gambhara and God Katharagama. Also there are paintings of unclear human figures. The outer walls of the sanctum (Garbha gruhaya) of this image house has painting of Suvisi vivaranaya (Twenty-four vivaranas), Thelapaththa jathakaya and Vine motifs (Liyawela). Apart from that there are some paintings at the wooden door of this image house, Further there are paintings of traditional Sinhala decorative motifs related to the part of floral motifs (Udbidha) and geometric motifs (Nirjeewa). This study is based on field research method and library survey method. Therefore the field research method is highly emphasized to record the paintings. In the present day the paintings at this temple are highly weathered and some parts cannot be identified. So in this paper an attempt is made to describe the importance of the conservation of this painting, colours, lines and other features of these paintings.
Conceptual Framework for Promoting Food Tourism in Pettah, Sri Lanka
(19th Conference on Postgraduate Research, International Postgraduate Research Conference 2018, Faculty of Graduate Studies,University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Embuldeniya, A.; Embuldeniya, P.
Sri Lanka as country is well known for tourism as well as hospitality. There is an increasing trend in tourists’ arrivals on the cause of archaeological and historical places, cultural activities, adventure and etc. On the same time tourists were tend to stay short period of time in the country. As tourists are encouraged to stay few nights in the country, promotion of short term tourism experiences for the tourists will be an effective utilization of available natural and man-made resources. Therefore, the study is motivated to develop a conceptual framework in order to promote food tourism in Pettah, Sri Lanka. As the sample frame of the study cannot be clearly identified the convenience sampling method has been used to collect data from the field and questionnaire method was used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with Pettah in promoting food tourism. Questionnaire method was the main source of information while unstructured interviews also occasionally carried out. Descriptive statistics, SWOT analysis, and chi-square test were used to analyze data with the assistance of SPSS version 21.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010. The results of the study identified that most of the tourists are aware of Pettah as a place where all the goods are available. But none of the tourists was tend to visit Pettah due to popularity of its foods. Also the study could have identified that the majority of tourists buy some street foods from the street vendors while they are experiencing shopping at Pettah. Thereby the study could have identified that there is a huge opportunity to improve Pettah as a destination for Food Tourism. Pettah could be identified as a destination where a combination of strength and opportunities as well as weaknesses and threats too. The study found that Pettah is with a preferable environment for tourists and local travelers where majority of tourists and travelers comes for shopping purposes at lower cost. There is a collection of food manufacturing companies in the country whom that can be encouraged to be an active part of promoting food tourism in Pettah. Also there can be identified wide variety of foods and diverse product mixes relevant to specific regions, religions, festivals, races, and etc. On the same time the lower level attitude towards the quality of products in Pettah and the lack of cleanliness around the area are the major drawbacks to promote food tourism in Pettah. However, the study could conclude that there is a significant relationship between demographic factors of the tourists and preference to the food tourism in Pettah. Thereby the promotion of food tourism in Pettah should be align with the different requirements of the tourists along with their demographic characteristics as well.
Cultural assimilation indicated in Sri Lankan Mosaic Art
(University of Kelaniya, 2015) Embuldeniya, P.
This research paper principally attempts to explicate how the Sri Lankan mosaic art tradition indicates the cultural assimilation of Sri Lankan society and foreign societies. The methodology of this research paper consists of field research and library survey methods.A piece of art work created by placing colored segments of tiles, porcelain, glass, stones and coins in a pattern to create a picture is called a mosaic. The origin of the particular tradition of art can be traced to the period before Christ as seen in religious temples and cathedrals. This evolved through the course of time and space thematically and technically. In Sri Lanka the origin and the evolution of the tradition of mosaic art is of great artistic, archaeological and historical value. The spread of such a tradition in SriLanka can be traced back to the 19th century, despite significantly limited research in the area. MaduwanwelaWalawuwa, KaragampitiyaSubodharamaya, Vijayananda temple and some other temples in the south can be identified as places with mosaic designs. Mosaic art provide proof of social, economic and culturalrelationships between Sri Lanka and other countries. The subject matter of the mosaics in Sri Lanka range from illustrations of floral designs, animal figures and geometrical designs to auspicious objects, domestic and other objects, English letters and digits. Such mosaic illustrations portray specific socio-cultural values of Sri Lankan and foreign societies. The objective of this research paper is to discuss foreign influences onmosaic designs, brief introduction about historical background, special features of Mosaic designs, present situation, reasons for weathering, detrimentalhuman activities and suggestions for the protection of the tradition of mosaic art in Sri Lanka.
Factors Influencing the Discourse-Practice Gap in Work Life Balance (WLB) of Female Academia in Higher Education (HE) in Sri Lanka
(International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Embuldeniya, A; Embuldeniya, P.
Work Life Balance (WLB) is the lack of opposition between work and other life roles or in other words concordance between work and other life roles. WLB is also known as the state of equilibrium in which demands of personal life, professional of working life and family life are equal. There are sufficient discourses to ensure WLB of people but when these discourses come into practice, there can be seen some gaps between WLB. Thereby the study focuses on the factors influencing the discourse-practice gaps in WLB of female academia in Higher Education (HE) of Sri Lanka. The study designed to identify, how the practices in HE supports or challenges the WLB discourses in aspects of Socio-economic, Political and Organizational. Therefore the problem of the research is to identify “what are the factors influencing the discourse-practice gap in WLB of female academia in HE of Sri Lanka”. The general objective of the study is to suggest some systematic ways to the administration to reduce the gap between discourse-practice WLB among female academia in HE of Sri Lanka while addressing the importance of WLB to each and every individual. The type of the study can be identified as a casual study rather than a correlational study where the study emphasized on identifying the most influence factors on WLB. The unit of analysis was at individual level, the female academia in HE of Sri Lanka from government universities. This study continues with 50 hand delivered questionnaire or online questionnaire accordingly to collect data. The cluster sampling method which is included to the probability sampling technique used as the method of sampling as all the universities are considered as equal or homogeneous from outside but unequal or heterogeneous from inside the cluster. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and advance analysis techniques were used to analyze data with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and Microsoft Excel. Employment, package of remuneration, social dialogue and social security has found as Socio-economic factors while academia’s rights considered as Political factors of WLB. The essential rights that are related with freedom of association, quality of work, practice of decent working hours, absence of unacceptable works and the nonappearance of enforced or abusive form of work are the factors of WLB that can be further categorized as Organizational factors of WLB. WLB is essential in each and every persons’ life. People tend to engage in the eventful day to day schedules and they are unconscious about the life activities other than the work. Thereby the significance of this study is as the study could reveal the most influence factors on WLB or in other words the causes of discourse-practice gaps in WLB of female academia in HE of Sri Lanka which helps to be conscious on those factors in order to ensure the WLB in their lives
The Significance of Currency as a Heritage Transmission Media: with reference to Sri Lankan Rupees
(Centre for Asian Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Embuldeniya, P.; Gunasekara, I.
Currency has significance of economical, archaeological, historical, natural and cultural aspects. The main objective of this research paper is to explicate the significance of the currency as a media which transmit the Sri Lankan heritage. The research is based on data collected through field research and library survey methods. Currency is generally defined as a system of money in common use, especially in a country. Sri Lanka has long and rich historical background on currency reign from ancient period. Punched coins, Swastika coins, Lakshmi coins, Ran kahawanuwa and its pieces, Medieval copper Massa coin, Sethu coins of Jaffna, Panama and Angutumassa / Hook coin are some of the local coins used in the ancient period. Apart from that, some of the foreign coins were used in Sri Lanka in the ancient time. Sri Lankan Rupee is the currency of Sri Lanka at present. Coins and Banknotes were frequently introduced to Sri Lankan currency. Moreover, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka has issued commemorative coins and banknotes on several occasions. Those coins and banknotes illustrated several aspects of Sri Lankan heritage such as traditional dance, traditional events, heritage sites, landscapes, industries, achievements, fauna and flora. Both cultural and natural aspects of heritage in Sri Lanka are transmitted through currency. Hence, there are several benefits in promoting this function as tourist attraction through museums, cultural events, culture based tours, nature based tours and heritage tours. Among these, currency museums are vital as an establishment of heritage. This research will propose cultural events as well as culture and nature based heritage tours focusing on the illustrated aspects of Sri Lankan coins and banknotes. Cultural and natural aspects of heritage in Sri Lanka, the significance of Sri Lankan currency, historical background of currency and heritage of Sri Lanka are also be discussed through this research
The Significance of Promoting Lesser-Known Intangible Heritage in Cultural Tourism Perspective: with Special Reference to Hewagam Korale
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Embuldeniya, P.
Hewagam Korale has significances from archaeological, historical and anthropological aspects which are directly related to Sri Lankan culture. The research area belongs to Palle Pattu, Meda Pattu and Udugaha Pattu of Hewagam Korale is located at Colombo district in Western Province, Sri Lanka. The main objective of this research is to explicate the lesser-known intangible heritage, and promoting lesser-known intangible heritage of Palle Pattu, Meda Pattu and Udugaha Pattu in cultural tourism perspective. This research is based on cults, rituals and believes on gods and goddess with the collected data from the field research and library survey methods. Communities of the research area are engaged with various cults, rituals and believes on gods and goddess, such as; cult of god Vishnu, god Katharagama, god Gambhara, god Ranwala, god Dedimunda and goddess Pattini. Among these, cult of god Ranwala and goddess Pattini are famous cults which are connected with diverse ritual methods. Various lesser-known ritual methods were taken place in this area with Perahera ceremonies, Gammadu, Devadana (Almsgiving), lightning oil lamps and puhul lamps, and offering harvest, flowers, fruits, cloths and jewelries. Apart from these special worshiping methods which have ranged historical background, there are other unique features and intangible significance can be seen in this research area. At present, Colombo district is not functioned as an intangible cultural tourist attraction. Nevertheless, this area has an opportunity to promote lesser-known intangible heritage in cultural tourism perspective which can be developed both domestic and foreign tourists’ attraction to Colombo district in different and innovative approach by developing a museum on cults, rituals and believes, presenting cultural programs on ritual methods and folk stories, promoting the Perahera pageant season of devala, and safeguarding intangible heritage by documenting the ritual methods as video and audio mode. Hence, aspects of heritage and functions of intangible heritage in the study area, importance of safeguarding intangible heritage, and proposal for promoting lesser-known intangible heritage of Colombo District through Palle Pattu, Meda Pattu and Udugaha Pattu; have been discussed in this research.
Social Awareness of Archaeologically Significant Places in Colombo District
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Embuldeniya, A.; Embuldeniya, P.
Colombo district has long term historical background since pre-historic period. The main objective of this study is to identify the awareness of archaeologically significant places in Colombo district which can be further used for safeguarding archaeological significances, and tourism development programs. Adding values to the existing archaeological places in Colombo district is a specific objective of this study. There could be seen archaeological remains related to multi-ethnic community of Sri Lanka such as religious places, architectural constructions, etc. Colombo district is consists with the Divisional Secretariat Divisions of Colombo, Dehiwala, Homagama, Kaduwela, Kesbewa, Kolonnawa, Kotte, Maharagama, Moratuwa, Padukka, Ratmalana, Seethawaka, and Thimbirigasyaya. The population of the study is entire population of people in Colombo district. As the population has spread over a large geographical area, cluster sampling method has used in selecting the sample while identifying the 13 divisional secretariats as clusters. Furthermore, the sampling proceeds as two stages cluster sampling as selected divisional secretariat of Homagama has 81 Grama Niladari Divisions which allow selecting two stages cluster among them. Thereby, Galawilawatte South Grama Niladari Division has been selected as the target population which has 820 families. 200 families have been selected by randomly among the target population and the questionnaires were distributed via postal method and follow-ups have done in order to enhance the response rate. Therefore, this study is based on field research and library survey methods. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square tests and ANOVA were used to analyze data with the assistance of SPSS and Microsoft excel. The results of this study shows that the people lives in Colombo district are unaware about the existing archaeological places in Colombo district and regardless of the demographic characteristics such as gender, age, level of education, occupation, etc. people are unaware of archaeologically significant places in Colombo district. Therefore, there is a gap that can be filled by the relevant parties in both government and private sector to enhance the value and importance of these places while promoting new programs.
Some esoteric writing methods of demonological manuscripts
(University of Kelaniya, 2013) Embuldeniya, P.
This paper is concerned with some esoteric writing methods of demonological manuscripts related to the Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation and the importance of using esoteric writing methods in demonology. Demonology obtains a notable place throughout the history of rituals and beliefs. Demonology is a component of Ayurvedic medicine. In Sri Lankan culture various traditions of demonology can be seen. Apart from that, there are yak thovil, deva yaga and special yaga associated with protected magic. The Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation is connected to the Benthara tradition which is a part of Sri Lankan demonology. This Yakaduru generation is mainly engaged with black magic. The present day Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation has mostly given up their demonological activities. Demonology has impenetrable surroundings according to the black magic activities and white magic activities. Mostly demonological activities and knowledge is passed down through the generations. In the past various writing methods were used to protect this demonological data, such as using various languages, symbols, digits and etc. Therefore, these esoteric writing methods can be considered as a part of intangible heritage in Sri Lanka. This study is mainly based on personal communications as well as library survey method. Therefore, manuscripts related to Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation have been highly emphasized in this research.
Some esoteric writing methods of demonological manuscripts
(Globalization and the Developing World, 2nd ICSS, 2013) Embuldeniya, P.
This paper is concerned with some esoteric writing methods of demonological manuscripts related to the Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation and the importance of using esoteric writing methods in demonology. Demonology obtains a notable place throughout the history of rituals and beliefs. Demonology is a component of Ayurvedic medicine. In Sri Lankan culture various traditions of demonology can be seen. Apart from that, there are yak thovil, deva yaga and special yaga associated with protected magic. The Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation is connected to the Benthara tradition which is a part of Sri Lankan demonology. This Yakaduru generation is mainly engaged with black magic. The present day Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation has mostly given up their demonological activities. Demonology has impenetrable surroundings according to the black magic activities and white magic activities. Mostly demonological activities and knowledge is passed down through the generations. In the past various writing methods were used to protect this demonological data, such as using various languages, symbols, digits and etc. Therefore, these esoteric writing methods can be considered as a part of intangible heritage in Sri Lanka. This study is mainly based on personal communications as well as library survey method. Therefore, manuscripts related to Anhettuwela Yakaduru generation have been highly emphasized in this research.
A study on paintings at Pokunuwita Kithsirimewan Rajamaha Viharaya
(University of Kelaniya, 2013) Embuldeniya, P.
Pokunuwita Kithsirimewan Rajamaha Viharaya is a protected monument which has great significance from historical and archaeological aspects. It is located in the Pokunuwita village, Horana division (Kalutara District, Western Province). The ancient image house which has paintings is of great significance throughout archaeological remains at this temple. This ancient image house dates to the last part of Kandyan period based the architecture, sculptures and paintings. Inside the sanctum (Garbha gruhaya) of image house is a seated sculpture of Lord Buddha, two standing sculptures of Lord Buddha, standing sculptures of God Vishnu and God Sumana Saman and paintings of Buddhist monks, God Gambhara and God Katharagama. Also there are paintings of unclear human figures. The outer walls of the sanctum (Garbha gruhaya) of this image house has painting of Suvisi vivaranaya (Twenty-four vivaranas), Thelapaththa jathakaya and Vine motifs (Liyawela). Apart from that there are some paintings at the wooden door of this image house, Further there are paintings of traditional Sinhala decorative motifs related to the part of floral motifs (Udbidha) and geometric motifs (Nirjeewa). This study is based on field research method and library survey method. Therefore the field research method is highly emphasized to record the paintings. In the present day the paintings at this temple are highly weathered and some parts cannot be identified. So in this paper an attempt is made to describe the importance of the conservation of this painting, colours, lines and other features of these paintings.
A Study on Promoting Hanguranketha Divisional Secretariat Division as a Tourist Destination
(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Embuldeniya, P.; Karunarathna, K.G.M.; Embuldeniya, A.
Hanguranketha Divisional Secretariat Division has archaeological, historical, cultural, and natural environmental (botanical, zoological, climatic) significance. Hanguranketha DS Division belong to the Nuwara Eliya District of the Central Province, Sri Lanka. The area is surrounded by the famous tourist destinations of Kandy and Nuwara Eliya. However, Hanguranketha DS Division cannot be regarded as a famous tourist destination. The general objective of this research is to propose a Sustainable Tourism development approach to promote Hanguranketha DS Division as a tourist destination in Sri Lanka with diverse tourism products while revealing the existing archaeological, historical, cultural, and natural environmental significances of research area. The specific objectives of this research are to organize a proper preservation program to preserve archaeological evidences and to preserve the biodiversity of Hanguranketha DS Division, to develop suitable infrastructures and hospitality services for domestic and foreign tourists and to develop the socio-economic aspect of host community of Hanguranketha DS Division. Pothgul Maliga Maha Viharaya, Vishnu Devalaya, Pattini Devalaya, Araththana Rajamaha Viharaya, Madanwala Rajamaha Viharaya, Wilwala Rajamaha Viharaya, Wegama Rajamaha Viharaya, Kitulpe Rajamaha Viharaya, Ancient Inscriptions, Ambalam (Public resting places), Annual Perahera pageant Pothgul Maliga Maha Viharaya, Vishnu Devalaya and Pattini Devalaya, Paddy, Tea and Vegetables cultivations, Traditional rituals, Traditional foods, Folklore, Historical background, Mountains, Climate, Waterfalls, Water streams, Natural caves, Botanical and Zoological significances could be considered as some tourist attractions of research area. Library survey, field research, and sample survey methods were used to collect data for this research and Statistical analysis and SWOT analysis were used to analyze the collected data on social awareness, satisfaction, and tourist arrivals. Hence, this research is aimed at pointing out the significances of existing archaeological, historical, cultural, natural environmental sites and to make recommendations to promote Hanguranketha DS Division as a famous tourist destination with diverse products and activities which could provide satisfaction for both domestic and foreign tourists.
A Study on the cult of Goddess Pattini: with special reference to the left bank of Kelani River
(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Embuldeniya, P.
The cult of goddess Pattini is famous in Sri Lanka and highly connected with Sri Lankan culture in many aspects. The main objective of this research is to explicate the cult of goddess Pattini with special reference to environs of the left bank of Kelani River. Therefore, this research was mainly conducted based on the areas of Kaduwela, Nawagamuwa, Hanwella, and Avissavella which are located at the left bank of Kelani River. The community lives at environs of the left bank of Kelani River are highly engaged with various cults, rituals and believes. Among those the cult of goddess Pattini could be considered as the most famous cult throughout the left bank of Kelani River. Especially, this cult has ranged historical background. Further, cult of goddess Pattini at the left bank of Kelani River has significance from archaeological and anthropological aspects. Nawagamuwa Pattini devalaya and Kaduwela Purana Ran Kadu Pattini devalaya are the main and distinguished Pattini devala located at the study area which receives the blessing of goddess Pattini. Furthermore, legendary aspect on the cult of goddess Pattini is related with the Korathota Rajamaha Viharaya and Abulgama Rajamaha Viharaya along with the main Pattini devala, and there could be found several Pattini devala at this study area. Medagoda Pattini devalaya and Kabulumulla Pattini devalaya are located at the right bank of Kelani River, and that emphasized Kelani River has strong relationship with the cult of goddess Pattini. Moreover, there could be identified unique rituals and believes connected with the cult of goddess Pattini at the left bank of Kelani River, and the significance of cult of goddess Pattini as a part of Sri Lankan culture and heritage. Therefore, this research will be described the cult of goddess Pattini at the left bank of Kelani River with special attention on historical background and legendary aspect, rituals and believes, archaeological evidences of Pattini devala, and the importance of safeguarding intangible and tangible heritage through the collected data from library survey method and field research method.
A Study on the Relationship between Maduwanwela Walauwa and Panamure Kraal: In Art Historical Aspect
(Centre for Asian Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Embuldeniya, P.
The main objective of this research paper is to explicate the relationship between Maduwanwela Walauwa and Panamure Kraal in art historical aspect, with special reference to mosaics and stone carvings. The methodology used to collect data for this research paper consists of field research method and library survey method. Maduwanwela Walauwa is highly significant from archaeological, historical and art historical aspects. Maduwanwela Walauwa is located at Maduwanwela village in Kolonna divisional secretariat which belongs to Ratnapura district in Sabaragamuwa province. This Walauwa has extended history from the reign of King Vimaladharmasooriya II who reigned in Kandyan period (1700 AD). Similarly, the Panamure Kraal has a ranged historical background from the period of 1880’s. There were several elephants and tuskers at the Panamure Kraal, and it is a famous Kraal in Sri Lanka. According to history, Panamure Kraal is directly related to Maduwanwela Walauwa. Mosaics at chanting hall and the front of the doors, and stone carvings at front of the doors of this Walauwa highly emphasize the figures of elephants and tuskers, which are limited art historical sources in Sri Lanka. Those mosaics and stone carvings represent the relationship between Maduwanwela Walauwa and Panamure Kraal. According to the main objective, historical background of Maduwanwela Walauwa and Panamure Kraal, introduction to mosaic art and stone carvings, and present situation of art historical evidences at Maduwanwela Walauwa are also described through this research paper.
Symbols, Art and Architecture in Regional Cultures - A Study on Sri Lankan Mosaic Art
(University of Kelaniya, 2015) Embuldeniya, P.
This research paper principally attempts to describe about Sri Lankan Mosaic art which has great significance from art historical, archaeological and historical aspects. The methodology of this research paper consists with field research and library survey methods. A piece of art work created by placing coloured segments of tiles, porcelain, glass, stone and mineral in a pattern to create a picture is called as Mosaic art. Mosaic art tradition has extended history from BCE and in the world it is developed in various periods according to the subject and features. Mosaics are limited among the art historical sources in Sri Lankaand provide a rich context of art. In Sri Lanka, Mosaics can be seen at Karagampitiya Subodharamaya, Maduwanwela Walauwa, Vijayananda Viharaya-Galle and few other places near the coastal area. Animal figures, floral figures, geometric shapes, some objects and decorative motifs were illustrated from the Mosaic art tradition. Sri Lankan Mosaic art can be considered as art historical, archaeological and historical evidence which provide details about artistic features, techniques, symbolism, cultural combinations and trade relationships. According to the principal objective; introduction to Mosaics, historical background of Mosaic art, special features, foreign influences, present situation, reasons for weathering of mosaic designs in Sri Lanka and the importance of safeguarding Sri Lankan Mosaic art are describe through this research paper.