Browsing by Author "Jayawardena, P."

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The Conceptual Relationship between Buddhism and Idealism on the Notion of ‘Peace’
(University of Kelaniya, 2015) Jayawardena, P.; Wijayabahu, K.
‘Peace’ is a common word that appears inmost academic disciplines, although it is interpreted subjectively as well as objectively. The two major schools of thought in the field of International Relations have looked at the notion of Peace in two different extremist lenses. Whereas ‘Realists’ think that the achievement of Peace is somewhat impossible, the ‘Idealists’ present a counter argument,optimistically foregrounding Peace as an achievable goal. Buddhism, one of the major religions in the world, has an optimistic attitude on the notion of Peace, as it foregrounds man becomes greater not by his birth but by his actions, therefore consciously controlling human actions has an effect on progress of a person. Specifically, Idealists utilize top to bottom approach to gain Peace and Buddhism expounds bottom to top or inward approach to gain peace sustainably. Hence this paper attempts to analyze in depth the ‘Optimism’ discussed in the Idealism school of thought and in Buddhism in terms of achieving Peace. This paper argues even though the optimistic dimension that the Idealist and Buddhist lines of thought look at Peace is similar, the approach is different. This research paper is mainly based on secondary resources which are written related to Buddhism and Idealism. This research paper is an initial multi-disciplinary attempt to initiate a discourse between Buddhism and Idealism.
Prevalence of migraine and tension type headache among 20 to 59 year old adults in the Gampaha district
(College of the Community Physicians of Sri Lanka, 2007) Perera, G.S.N.; Jayawardena, P.; Senanayaka, S.; Samarage, S.M.
INTRODUCTION: World Health Organization has identified headache disorders as a public health problem which may be primary or secondary. Of the former migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) are the most common primary headache disorders. OBJECTIVE: TO determine one-year period prevalence of migraine and TTH among 20 - 59 year old adults in the Gampaha district. METHODOLOGY: One-year period prevalence of migraine and TTH among 20 – 59 year old adults in the Gampaha district was determined through a cross sectional descriptive survey. Cluster sampling technique was used to identify the sample. Expected total sample size was 2112. The number of clusters was 64 with 33 per cluster. Primary sampling unit was the ‘Grama Niladhari’ (GN) divisions. Selection of clusters was based on population proportion to size. An interviewer administered validated instrument was developed and used as the screening instrument. RESULTS: The total number of individuals contacted was 2075 and out of that 1854 participated in the study giving a response rate of (89.4%). Crude period prevalence of migraine was 10.4% (95% CI: 9.0 - 11.8) while the age, sex standardized prevalence was 9% (95% Cl: 9.0 - 9.1). Crude period prevalence of TTH Was 20% (95% CI: 18.3 - 22.0) while the age sex standardized prevalence was 20% (95% CI: 19.9 - 20.1). CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The period prevalence of migraine and tension type headache are 9% and 20% for the Gampaha district. Recommend the use of the validated questionnaire for screening for the above primary headache disorders.