Browsing by Author "Ko, Y."

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    The Association between new generation oral contraceptive pill and the development of inflammatory bowel diseases
    (Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases, 2018) Sanagapalli, S.; Ko, Y.; Kariyawasam, V.; Ng, S.C.; Tang, W.; de Silva, H.J.; Chen, M.; Wu, K.; Aniwan, S.; Ng, K.K.; Ong, D.; Ouyang, Q.; Hilmi, I.; Simadibrata, M.; Pisespongsa, P.; Gopikrishna, S.; Leong, R.W.; IBD Sydney Organization and the asia-Pacific Crohn's Epidemiology Study (ACCESS) Group
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: To examine the association between use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), in a modern cohort. METHODS: A prospective nested case-control study across sites in the Asia-Pacific region was conducted; involving female IBD cases and asymptomatic controls. Subjects completed a questionnaire addressing questions related to OCP use. Primary outcome was the risk of development of IBD of those exposed to OCP versus non-exposure. Secondary outcomes were development of Crohn's disease (CD) versus ulcerative colitis (UC), and whether age of first use of OCP use may be associated with risk of IBD. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-eight female IBD cases (41% CD, median age: 43 years) and 590 female age-matched controls were recruited. No significant association was found between OCP use and the risk of IBD (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-3.13; P=0.22), CD (OR, 1.55) or UC (OR, 1.01). The lack of association persisted when results were adjusted for age and smoking. IBD cases commenced OCP use at a younger age than controls (18 years vs. 20 years, P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of subjects from the Asia-Pacific region, we found a modest but not significantly increased risk of developing IBD amongst OCP users.
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    Environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based case-control study in Asia-Pacific
    (British Medical Assosiation, 2015) Ng, S.C.; Tang, W.; Leong, R.W.; Chen, M.; Ko, Y.; Studd, C.; Niewiadomski, O.; Bell, S.; Kamm, M.A.; de Silva, H.J.; Kasturiratne, A.; Senanayake, Y.U.; Ooi, C.J.; Ling, K.L.; Ong, D.; Goh, K.L.; Hilmi, I.; Ouyang, Q.; Wang, Y.F.; Hu, P.; Zhu, Z.; Zeng, Z.; Wu, K.; Wang, X.; Xia, B.; Li, J.; Pisespongsa, P.; Manatsathit, S.; Aniwan, S.; Simadibrata, M.; Abdullah, M.; Tsang, S. W.; Wong, T.C.; Hui, A.J.; Chow, C.M.; Yu, H.H.; Li, M.F.; Ng, K.K.; Ching, J.; Wu, J.C.; Chan, F.K.; Sung, J.J.
    OBJECTIVE: The rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia supports the importance of environmental risk factors in disease aetiology. This prospective population-based case-control study in Asia-Pacific examined risk factors prior to patients developing IBD. DESIGN: 442 incident cases (186 Crohn's disease (CD); 256 UC; 374 Asians) diagnosed between 2011 and 2013 from eight countries in Asia and Australia and 940 controls (frequency-matched by sex, age and geographical location; 789 Asians) completed an environmental factor questionnaire at diagnosis. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs (aOR) and 95% CIs. RESULTS: In multivariate model, being breast fed >12 months (aOR 0.10; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.30), antibiotic use (aOR 0.19; 0.07 to 0.52), having dogs (aOR 0.54; 0.35 to 0.83), daily tea consumption (aOR 0.62; 0.43 to 0.91) and daily physical activity (aOR 0.58; 0.35 to 0.96) decreased the odds for CD in Asians. In UC, being breast fed >12 months (aOR 0.16; 0.08 to 0.31), antibiotic use (aOR 0.48; 0.27 to 0.87), daily tea (aOR 0.63; 0.46 to 0.86) or coffee consumption (aOR 0.51; 0.36 to 0.72), presence of hot water tap (aOR 0.65; 0.46 to 0.91) and flush toilet in childhood (aOR 0.71; 0.51 to 0.98) were protective for UC development whereas ex-smoking (aOR 2.02; 1.22 to 3.35) increased the risk of UC. CONCLUSIONS: This first population-based study of IBD risk factors in Asia-Pacific supports the importance of childhood immunological, hygiene and dietary factors in the development of IBD, suggesting that markers of altered intestinal microbiota may modulate risk of IBD later in life. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.