Browsing by Author "Rathnayaka, R. M. Kalindu"

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Challenges Faced by Parents When Providing Education to the Students Who Are Studying in Special Need Education Units
(Faculty of Graduate Studies - University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2021) Rathnayake, R. M. Auchithya; Rathnayaka, R. M. Kalindu
In the education system, teaching is done by dividing the children into two main categories i.e. special and normal children. This pretext is based on their so-called physical and mental abilities. According to their abilities, either child is studying in normal classrooms or special classrooms. In order to teach students who has special needs, special teaching units have been formed. When teaching in those units, a special teaching mechanism is used. It is called the Integrated Education System (IES). In these units, specialized and well-trained teachers identify the needs of children and teach them through these IESs. But even though this process affected the differently-abled child, real repercussions are faced by the parents. In other words, parents are the particular persons who face challenges when they educate their children. In that sense, parents are facing lots of troublesome consequences not only in society but also in the smallest social institute; family. Accordingly, to address the above issue, the research problem has been made to find out the challenges faced by the parents in providing education to the students who are studying in the special education units. The research aims to identify the challenges that parents face in providing education to students, who are studying in special education units. The research has been conducted from an inductive approach. Thus, this has been studied as a qualitative study by collecting qualitative data under a qualitative methodology. Primary data was collected by doing in-depth interviews. As secondary data, data from journals, research reports, and statistics were gathered. The research findings were; Inadequate transportation facilities to and from school for special children, economic hardship, abuse of special needs children in the school environment, abusing attempts by ordinary people, frustration over the fate of children with the sudden death of parents and especially, parents are being marginalized in social gatherings has been identified. The conclusion of the study was; Although the special education system has taken a positive approach in the Sri Lankan education system, it has also contributed to the exclusion and labelling of children with special needs in society at school. But that education system is the only support for these families. No matter what social strata they represent, all the families have uncertainty about the future of their child/ren. Though this situation is unfair, the parents are willing the betterment of their children after their death. Therefore, they are thinking that facing harsh challenges will be nothing on behalf of the betterment of their future. And this is equally challenging for the different social strata of society. Accordingly, it is not wrong to point out that through this system of education, a section of the population of the country faces mental frustrations in their daily lives but the government has not taken up an adequate level of effort for new education reform for them.
Challenges of farmers for applying new agricultural technologies in Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Graduate Studies - University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2021) Rathnayaka, R. M. Kalindu; Rathnayake, R. M. Auchithya
This research paper investigates the challenges of the Sri Lankan farmers when they are applying new agricultural technologies. Compared to the past, there is a new revival in the field of agriculture today. The foundations have been laid by the green revolution and genetic technology. Today, many agricultural activities in almost every part of the world have been influenced by the green revolution or genetic technology. The main objective of this research is to identify the challenges faced by farmers in applying new agricultural technology to their farming activities. This study was conducted in a political-ecological approach by using both qualitative and quantitative data. The data have been collected through questionnaires, structured and semi structured interviews, books, magazines, online resources, and 1.50000 digital maps. Samanalabedda GND in Siyabalanduwa DSD in Monaragala district has been selected as the study area. Farmers in the area are making extensive use of the new agricultural technology. Fifty farm families were selected through a random sampling method for this study which represents 20% of the whole study area. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistical technics. Although some crops are introduced to the area; Farmers have not the proper climatic conditions to grow, lack of suitable soil for growing crops introduced to areas, Lack of awareness of farmers about fertilizers and agrochemicals to be applied to crops, due to the high cost of agro-fertilizers and chemicals to be used to crops;high cost on inputs. Accordingly, revealed that Sri Lankan farmers face many challenges in applying new agricultural technology to their farming activities.
A study on identifying land use changers in Monaragala city area
(Department of Social Statisctics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2020) Rathnayaka, R. M. Kalindu
This study examines the changes that have occurred in the land use of the Monaragala city area during the period from 1985 to 2018. The main objective of this research is to identify land-use changes, trends, and progress of the land use pattern in the study area. Three Grama Niladhari Divisions belonging to the Monaragala Divisional Secretariat Division were selected as the study area. Because the City area was located in these three GN Divisions. Quantitative and qualitative data were used for this study using a regional approach and secondary data required for the study were obtained from the Land Use Department of Monaragala District, Department of Agriculture in Monaragala District, and the Agrarian Services Center of Monaragala District. Investigating the nature of the study area which is 1:50000 Metric Digital Data in 1985 and 1: 50000 Metric Digital Data in 2000 and 2018 data is obtained through Google Earth. The data thus collected were analyzed using GIS technology and Excel. After analyzing the data, it was possible to identify the changes, trends, and progress of the land use pattern in this area. The land area of a home garden which was 4.179km2 in 1985 had increased to 5.054km2 in 2018. Rubber plantations were introduced to the study area in the year 2000, which resulted in a change in land-use patterns. Accordingly, in the analysis of the data, it was found that by the year 2018, 0.709km from the study area had been planted rubber. And also the forest cover of 2.032km2 in 1985 has decreased to 1.325km2 by 2018. The number of paddy lands reduced from 0.417km2 in 1985 to 0.219km2 by 2018. The rock area of the study area was 0.171km2 in the year 1985, and it has reduced to 0.147km2 by the year 2018. Thus, at the end of the study, four key factors were identified that could influence changes, trends, and progress in land use patterns in the study area. They are increased service facilities, increased city limits of Monaragala town area, increased habitat, and the introduction of new crops such as rubber.