Browsing by Author "Sanjaya, G."

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“Silent” white matter changes in brain MRI in patients with haemoglobinopathies and their clinical significance
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2016) Premawardhena, A.P.; Ranawaka, U.R.; Hapangama, A.; Pathmeswaran, A.; Hettiarachchi, S.; Salvin, K.A.; Pilapitiya, T.; Sanjaya, G.; Oilvieri, N.F.; Weatherall, D.J.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Increasing interest has been directed to the study of white matter changes and lacunar infarcts in patients with haemoglobinopathies which are thought to be clinically silent. Previous studies suggest an association with splenectomy and thrombocytosis. The objective was to assess the association of white matter changes in patients with haemoglobinopathies. METHOD: Older patients with haemoglobinopthies attending the Hemals Thalassaemia Unit were assessed by a specialist neurologist and simultaneously had MRI brain. Relevant clinical, biochemical and hematological data were collected. A non-thalassaemic control group (age and sex matched) too were assessed. RESULTS: There were 82 patients (25 Thalassaemia Major,24 Intermedia and 33 Haemoglobin E b thalassaemia) and 19 controls. Mean age of the study group was 32yrs. 21 patients (26%) had MRI changes (20%,29%,27% in the three groups respectively) (p=0.73). 10% of controls had MRI changes. 12 (60%) of the patients with MRI changes were asplenic whilst 53.2% without changes were asplenic (P=0.138). There was no difference in the two groups with platelet counts. (Mean platelet count 581 Vs. 452 (p= 0.709) 58% of patients and 53% of controls had headache as a symptom. Headache was commoner among those with MRI changes (85% vs 51.6%; p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The white matter changes in MRI occurred in all three sub groups of thalassaemic patients studied in high frequency. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the association of MRI changes with neurological symptoms in thalassaemic patients. The higher frequency of headache in those with MRI changes suggest that these changes may not be silent as previously believed.
A Study on the Problems Occurred in Novel Translation
(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Sanjaya, G.; Senaratne, T.; Thathsarani, U.
Translation is the comprehension of the meaning of the text and the subsequent production on an equivalent text that communicates the same message in another language. In this translation process translators definitely face many problems. This study is on the problems of translation in both Sinhalese and English languages. The originals and translations of "Village in the Jungle", "Madol Doova" and An Historical Relation of Ceylon" have been used as primary resources. Problems in translation were classified as lexical, structural, ethical, and cultural and ambiguity problems. Also there are some solutions that can overcome these problems. Lexical problems appear in words, idioms, phrases, collocations. Translating grammar particles such as tenses, active and passive voice, articles and language structure include in structural problems. Culture is the most important and complicated problem that a translator should concentrate on as he has to make the readership understand the culture in the source text. Some cultural words may be deeply rooted in that given culture. Translators' ethical attitudes, personal values and beliefs should not cause any effect in the translation. If it happens the content of the source text will be distorted. When a translator is comprehensive about the language of the source text, ambiguity is not an issue. However the original ideas, attitudes of the author of the source text should be included in the translation. Accordingly translation is a difficult task, but it is not impossible if the translator has a better comprehension in source language, source culture, target language and target culture.