Browsing by Author "Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U."

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Contribution of physical activity and sedentary behaviour to glycaemic status in urban women
(Sri Lanka Medical Assosiation, 2012) Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Silva, A.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickremasinghe, R.; Somasundaram, N.; Atukorala, S.
INTRODUCTION: Physical activity plays a significant role in the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the role of sedentary behaviour is gaining importance. This association may exist even in persons meeting exercise guidelines. AIMS: To assess percentage fat mass (FM%), waist circumference (WC), physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (sitting time) in relation to glycaemic status in urban women. METHODS: Newly diagnosed diabetic and non diabetic urban women (30-45 years) were recruited in a community based cross sectional study following screening using fasting blood sugar (n-425). HbAlc was used to categorise "worn en as normoglycaemic (n=182) or dysglycaemic (n=243). PA and sitting time were assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). WC was measured and FM% was determined by Bio-impedance analysis. Means were used to describe variables and Spearman correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analysis were used to test for associations. Results: Mean age of women was 37.7+4.0 years. Compared with normoglycemics, dysglycaemics had significantly higher WC(70.7±7.1 vs 80.7±7.5cm), FM% (32.0±5.6 vs 37.0±4.7%), and sitting time (144±66 vs 311±120 minutes/day)(p<0.001 for each variable). PA (7252±2935 vs 2769±1762METminutes/week) was significantly lower (p<0.001) in dysglycemics. WC(rs=0.575, p<0.001), sitting time (rs=0.712, p<0.001) were significantly correlated with HbAlc. PA (rs=- 0.719, p<0.001) was negatively correlated with HbAlc. WC and sitting time were significantly associated with glycaemic status (F=69.3, p<0.001) after adjusting for PA. CONCLUSIONS: WC, sitting time and PA are significantly associated with glycaemic status. Independent of PA, WC and sedentary behaviour are associated with dysglycaemia.
Effectiveness of a lifestyle modification programme in reducing cardiometabolic risk markers in urban Sri Lankan women with pre- diabetes
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2015) Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Silva, A.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickremasinghe, R.; Atukorala, S.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Prediabetes increases cardlometabolic risk. Our aim was to develop and assess the effectiveness of a lifestyle modification programme in reducing cardiometabolic risk markers in newly diagnosed prediabetic urban Sri Lankan women. METHOD: Women (n=1500) from Colombo Municipal Council area were screened and 130 newly diagnosed prediabetics recruited randomly to intervention and control groups. Participant involvement ensured development of a culturally relevant, four month intervention programme. Control group received initial advice and print material only. Intervention was developed with a goal based strategy of 5% weight loss and 150 minutes of physical activity (PA) per week using a predominantly group based approach with individual sessions.FPG, HbAic, serum lipids and hs-CRP were measured. RESULTS: The final sample was 101 women (intervention n=51, control n=50) with no significant difference in baseline parameters between groups or responders and non-responders. Following intervention, 52.9% achieved the weight loss goal compared to the control group (2%) and37.3% became normoglycaemic, compared to none among controls.In the intervention group, when compared to baseline, there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in HbAlc (0.2±0.24%), FPG (20.6±11.6 mg/dl), total cholesterol (14.4±26.5 mg/dl) and triglycerides (13.2+30.7 mg/dl) and a significant (p<0.05) increase in HDL-cholesterol (3.2+5.9 mg/dl) post intervention with no significant change in hs-CRP. All differences were significant against the control group. Conclusions: A culturally sensitive intervention programme achieved improvement in markers of glycaemia, lipid profile and weight reduction with reversal of prediabetes in a majority.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus, nutrition and lifestyle in urban Sri Lankan women
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2013) Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Silva, A.; Atukorala, S.; Somasundaram, N.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickramasinghe, R.
AIMS: Data on population specific patterns of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) is essential for the design of effective intervention strategies. The aim of this study was to assess KAP regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), nutrition and lifestyle in Sri Lankan urban women who were unaware of their glycaemic status. Methods: 2800 apparently healthy urban women (30 - 45 years) were screened for dysglycaemia and 345 normoglcaemics and 272 dysglycaemics were selected from Coiombo Municipal Council area by random cluster sampling for a cross sectional study. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain KAP, demographic information and family history. Chi square test and Student's t- tests were used for categorical variables and for group comparison respectively. RESULTS: KAP on T2DM, nutrition and healthy lifestyle were poor. Knowledge on pre-diabetes and prevention of T2DM was also poor. However majority wanted to improve their knowledge. Women with a family history had better knowledge (p< 0.001) and attitudes (p< 0.05), but lower practice scores (p< 0.05) compared to women without a family history of T2DM. A significant (p< 0.001) proportion of women with a family history of T2DM found it difficult to resist eating foods high in fat and sugar. CONCLUSIONS: Overall KAP was poor, especially about pre-diabetes and prevention. Willingness to learn can be used positively to direct future interventions. Poor practices despite better knowledge and attitudes among women with a family history of T2DM indicate a need for targeted intervention.
Measures of body fat in diabetic and non-diabetic females
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2011) Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Silva, A.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickremasinghe, R.; Somasundaram, N.; Atukorala, S.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Increased body fat (BF) predisposes to obesity linked co-morbidities, including diabetes. Data on body fat percentage in Sri Lankan adult populations are limited. Aim of this study was to assess %BF, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in adult diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycaemic females. METHODS: Free living females (n=25) aged 30-45 years, without any known illness, and 19 females of similar age, social class and employment, recently diagnosed with DM and yet untreated, were recruited from primary health care centers in Colombo Municipality for a community based cross sectional study. Weight, height and WC were measured using standard protocols and BMI calculated. Bio-impedance analysis was used to determine % BF. HbAlc was estimated and women grouped into diabetic (HbAlc >6.5 %), pre-diabetic (HbAlc 5.7-6.4 %) or normoglycemic categories. Results: Mean age of women was 36.6±4.1 years. In the group without known illness, 9 were pre-diabetic and 16 were normoglycaemic. No significant differences were observed between diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycaemic women in age or weight. There was no significant difference in BMI between diabetic (25.3±3.3kg/m), pre-diabetic (26.8±2.5 kg/m2) or normoglycaemic (24.4±3.7 kg/m2) women. However, %BF was significantly higher (p < 0.01) among diabetic (37.3± 6.1} and pre-diabetic (33.9±5.5) than in normoglycaemic women (28.6±9.9). WC was also significantly higher (p < 0.01) among diabetic (83.5±7.9 cm.) and pre-diabetics (84.5±6.8) than normoglycaemic women (76.2±6.4 cm). CONCLUSIONS: In this population, although there was no difference in BMI, pre-diabetic and diabetic women had a higher %BF and WC than normogiycaemics. Funded by IAEA.
Relationship between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body composition among 11-13 year-old adolescent girls in Colombo
(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2018) Dabare, H. P. M.; Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Lanerolle-Dias, M.; Wickremasinghe, R.; Jayawardena, R.; Hills, A.P.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickremasinghe, V.P.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Physical activity (PA) is essential in reducing the risk of obesity. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the intensity of PA and body composition among 11-13 year-old adolescent girls from Colombo, Sri Lanka. METHODS: This is part of a larger study. A purposive sample of 46 adolescent school girls were recruited from the Colombo Municipal Council area. Time spent on light (LPA), moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), moderate-to• vigorous (MVPA) PA and sedentary behaviour were determined by waist-worn accelerometers (Actigraph• WGT3X-BT). Deuterium dilution (gold standard) was used with Fourier Transform Infrared (Agilent 4500®) spectroscopy to assess fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass. The% FM cut-off of 33.7% for Sri Lankan children was used to categorize the sample into high fat (HF) and normal fat (NF) groups. RESULTS: The mean age was 12.3 ± 1 year. %FM was significantly correlated with sedentary behaviour (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with'Mvf'A duration (r = -0.4, p < 0.01). Time spent on VPA (15.8 ± 6.7 min/day vs. 7.6 ± 3.2 min/day) and MVPA (33.9 ± 13.3 min/da vs. 15.5 ± 7.5 min/day) were significantly (p <0.01) higher among the NF group compared to the HF group. The NF group had significantly (p < 0.01) lower sedentary behaviour (379.7 ± 135 min/day vs. 622.7 ± 105.3 min/day) compared to the HF group. CONCLUSION: %FM was higher among the adolescent girls who spent more time in sedentary behaviours and among those who spent less time engaged in MVPA
Relationship between objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body mass index among 11-13 year-old adolescents in Colombo
(Sri Lanka Medical Association., 2019) Dabare, H.P.M.; Waidyatilaka, P.H.I.U.; de Lanerolle-Dias, M.; Wickremasinghe, R.; Jayawardena, R.; Hills, A.P.; Lanerolle, P.; Wickramasinghe, V.P.
INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES: Inadequate physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) are attributed to the high prevalence of adolescent obesity in the world. This study aimed to identify the relationship between PA intensity, SB and body mass index (BMI) among I I -13 year-old adolescents in Colombo, Sri Lanka. METHODS: A purposive sample of 95 adolescent school girls and boys were recruited from the Colombo Municipal Council Area. Time spent on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and SB were determined by accelerometers (Actigraph-WGT3X-BT) worn on the waist for 10 consecutive days. Height and weight were measured using the standard methodology and BMI was calculated. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 51.6 % of boys (n=49). Mean BMI of the boys was 17.2 ± 3.2 kgm-2 and girls was 17.2 ± 3.2 kgm-2. A significantly (p< 0.05) lower SB (487.4 ± 101.4 min/day vs. 596.4 ± 83.8 min/day) and a significantly higher time spent on MVPA (31.8 ± 15.1 min/day vs. 15 ± 6.7 min/day) were observed among normal weight (NW) girls compared to overweight (OW) girls. Similarly, compared to the OW boys, NW boys had a significantly (p< 0.05) lower SB (578.5 ± 94.1 min/day vs. 696.4 ± 87.4 min/day) and a significantly higher time spent in MVPA (52.9 ± 19.3 min/day vs. 23.4 ± 6.3 min/day). CONCLUSION: Effective strategies should be implemented to reduce SB and increase PA in order to correct the obsogenic behaviour among the adolescents.