ICSES 2018
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Item An Investigation on Holy Circular House (Chakaghara)(International Conference on Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, 2018 Department of Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Ven. Wimalakhanthi, G.; Ven.Indananda, W.The ancient monastery complexes such as Hattikuchchi, Vijayaramaya, and Abhayagiriya contain some peculiar buildings. They are normally circular, rectangular or ellipsoidal shapes. These buildings were erected with a special design. The ground floor is open to all who recite Dhamma and others can see the occasion by gathering around it and it was quite high from the ground and was not erected to the regulations of the Adhiṣāna mentioned in the Manjusri-bhāṣita-vāstuvidyā-śāstra. The upstairs might had been made with timber but not with stone slabs though the ground floor was made with stone pillars and slabs. The chakagharas were designed to recite Dhamma, to place Dhamma books, to hold the discussions of Dhamma, and to write Dhamma books. Though they were renovated the usage of them which was not interpreted properly. The aim of this research is to give a real meaning of their usage, describing the architectural plan. Many scholars interpret it as oblation assembly, Uposathaghara or a peculiar building. The present writer identified the real usage of these buildings with support of inscriptions. Three inscriptions out of 64 contain the word ''chakagara" meaning circular house. Early Brahmi inscriptions contain a word ''patibanakuta''. Patibanakuta means the hall for reciting Dhamma stanzas once a week or a fortnight. In the doctrine of Buddha mentioned the chakra of Dhamma (Dhammachakra) and reciting the Dhamma frequently in the chakaghara by monks of the monastery together. Laymen and sāmaṇera Bhiksus could have viewed as they wish without participating in it. That type of practice has been made in the Anuradhapura period. Mahāvamsa mentioned as Dhammasangani Gharathe house for Dhamma, Dhammadhatughara and Dhammadatu Mandira, the depositing house of Dhammadhatu. Hence, the chakagara mean the house of Dhamma affairs prevalent in those monasteries. Methodology of this research based on field and literary survey. According to the facts revealed from newly discovered and interpreted inscriptions and from the plans can be proved it as Cakaghara in meaning of Dhammachakra buildingItem Modern Approaches in Sanskrit Studies (With Special Reference to the 17th World Sanskrit Conference)(International Conference on Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, 2018 Department of Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Ven. Indananda, W.; Ven. Wimalakhanthi, G.The objective of this paper is reveal the modern tendencies of Sanskrit Studies as experienced at the 17th World Sanskrit Conference (WSC) held at the University of British Columbia, Canada on July 09 – 13, 2018. Combination between the Sanskrit knowledge possessed by the Indians and other Asian scholars and the ideologies of western intellectuals have been paved the way to derive new approaches in Sanskrit studies. Due to the association of these two traditions, the field of Sanskrit studies has influenced critical and comparative aspects. Modern Sanskrit scholars are using these two aspects to reveal different concepts and sources viz. discussing an ideology in an analytical viewpoint focusing on diverse concepts and texts. Linking Sanskrit studies to other disciplines such as linguistics, religious studies, law and society, scientific literature, Economics and Management etc. and revealing the hidden meanings of the texts are other approaches prevailing in the present Sanskrit studies. As a result of the association of modern technology, new research areas have been added to the Sanskrit studies like 'Computational Sanskrit and Digital Humanities'. Creating opportunities to Learn Sanskrit online, introducing simple and easy ways to learn Sanskrit, enhancing e-sources, bridging the gap between the computer and Sanskrit studies are some new approaches emerged in Sanskrit studies. Other than that, Manuscript logy, a newly introduced subject to study on manuscript in a scientific way is a popular topic among modern Sanskrit scholars. Meantime, it aids to the process of editing and translating Sanskrit texts in an effective way. In addition, promoting Spoken Sanskrit (Sambhāṣaṇa-Saṃskṛta) is considered as a worthy option to preserve the lively nature of Sanskrit. Therefore, the present Sanskrit scholars, especially in India, pay a great attention to promote Sanskrit as a conversational language under a proper mechanism, apart from an academic language. In the same way, while paying enough attention on the ancient literary works in a critical way, promoting the modern Sanskrit writings and observing the nature therein are major activities in the present Sanskrit studies