Economics
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Item Managerial Perception of Unionization and Its Effect in Sri Lankan Public Sector Organizations(2011) Dhammika, K.A.S.; Ahmed, F.B.; Sam, T.L.Public sector organizations in Sri Lanka are characterized with high unionization of their employees. This has created a unique context, where managers of these organizations face a problem of managing them with the conventional thought of management. Most of the public sector organizations have failed to achieve the expected level of performance which has caused criticism against them. Therefore, there is a need of a study to explore this situation prevailing in the public sector organizations in Sri Lanka. As a first step of a series of empirical exploration, an attempt was made to understand the issues of employee unionization in the public sector organizations in Sri Lanka. A purposive sample of fifty middle and lower level managers of the public sector organizations was drawn. A self developed questionnaire was administered among respondents, and data was analyzed with the tools of descriptive analysis such as frequency distribution, mean and median. Since this is a preliminary study, the attempt was made to understand the union perception of managers of the public sector organizations in Sri Lanka. It was found that managers differ in their perception of unionization and the effect of unionization varies at different managerial activities. Among them, decision making, implementation and evaluation were found to be mostly affected by the employee unionization. Further, it was found that perceived performance ranged along with the perception of managers and strategies dealing with unionized employees. However, a deep and rigorous study is needed to understand this complex contextual scenario.Item Mediating and Moderating Effects of Union Commitment and Union Politicization on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Effectiveness: Development of a Conceptual Model(2011) Ahmed, F.B.; Sam, T.L.Leadership effectiveness has been the central theme in most of leadership research from the beginning of leadership studies in early years of the 20th century. Thousand of studies have been conducted examining the components of leadership, emergence of leader and the factors for leadership effectiveness. Behaviour of the leader stands prominent as a determinant of leadership effectiveness in organizations. The extensive research on transactional and transformational leadership has accumulated a vast body of knowledge explaining leadership effectiveness. However, leadership and transactional and transformational leadership in particular have not been explored adequately in deferent contexts for its contextual validity. Comparatively very few studies have been carried out on transformational and transactional leadership in unionized work contexts. Researchers have explored the specific variables associated with employees?behaviour in unionized work environment. Among these unionization variables, union commitment is found to be associated with employees outcomes , namely job satisfaction, commitment and performance and political belief of employees has been cited as a possible moderator on perceived management performance. This conceptual paper aims at proposing a conceptual model for empirical examination of the effect of union commitment and union unionization implications on leadership effectiveness. It attributes a mediating effect for union commitment and moderating effect for union politicization by reviewing the relevant literature. This paper makes a significant contribution to the body of knowledge with the proposed conceptual framework so that it can be used as a basis for the future research in this context.