Junior Research Symposia
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Item Examine the Naval Supremacy in the Indian Ocean and its Impact on the Security of Small States: special reference to China and India.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Marakawaththa, I. A. G. G.The expanding economic and political powers of China and India have led each country to extend its naval operations into the other’s region of influence in order to safeguard and national interests. The continued operational expansion of China and India’s naval forces into each other’s claimed maritime domain is likely to trigger alliance formation and a naval arms buildup between the two countries which could lead to conflict in the near future. This study is supported by the evidence of active naval modernization programs initiated by China and India as well as the pursuit of security relations with countries in each other’s respective regions. Conflicting strategic cultures, a history of combative relations, and differences in long term strategic objectives warn of the possibility of a coming confrontation. This may not only be the maritime security climate, but the security of mainland Asia itself and has implication for future US security policy in the region. Research problem was how the competition between China and India for naval supremacy impact on the security of small states in the region. India and China try to subjugate small countries in the Indian Ocean using their naval power. Their power buildup has created an insecure environment in the region. The main objective of this research is to analyze the naval supremacy in the Indian Ocean and its impact on the security of small states. The specific objectives of this research are to examine the naval power buildup between China and India, and to discuss external powers involvement in the Indian Ocean. The research methodology is fundamentally based on secondary data. According to the research findings it could be identified that the expansion of power causes this problem. The study suggests reducing naval supremacy in the Indian Ocean and its impact on the security of small states should balance the power between India and China.Item Issues and Challenges of Maritime Security in the Indian Ocean” Case of Sri Lanka.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Jayaratnam, S.J.A.The countries in the Indian Ocean such as Sri Lanka face many maritime security challenges. Therefore, identification and analysis of the maritime security challenges that are being faced by Sri Lanka and the establishment of preventive mechanisms is the focus of this research. The objectives are the identification of the root causes of maritime security challenges of Sri Lanka, analysis of existing maritime security challenges of Sri Lanka and the establishment of preventive measures. The methodology is based on qualitative analysis of secondary data. It is identified that threats are addressed on a global basis by establishing international legal frameworks. The International Maritime Organization plays a leading role in the international efforts in ensuring maritime security. The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea 1982, Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation Convention 1988 and many International Maritime Organization instruments including the recently adopted International Ship and Port Facility Security Code have constituted a complete package of effective tools in addressing maritime security concerns. Nevertheless, it is evident that the effectiveness of any international convention or any similar instrument largely depends on national compliance and implementation. Furthermore, to enhance the maritime security in Sri Lanka several initiatives such as establishment of a Coast Guard in 2007, acquisition of more ships with modern and sophisticated sensors and weaponry, making Sri Lanka a venue for maritime conferences for information sharing, engaging in naval exercises with regional navies, participation in regional maritime initiatives to enhance regional cooperation, joint patrols in International Maritime Boundary Lines have been taken. Therefore, it is evident that individual countries cannot find solutions for any of the issues and challenges faced in the maritime sector and Sri Lanka’s Navy is an active partner in the maritime security cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region, especially due to the strategically vital location where the country is situated. Therefore, greater cooperation and partnership between the naval powers in this region will benefit not only the nations in the Indian Ocean but the entire world, and it will enable all to face the future with confidence.