Commerce and Management
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Item Blinded by the sand of its burrowing?Examining fans’ intentions to follow one-day cricket on TV with a moderating effect of social influence(International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 2019) Kashif, M.; Fernando, P.M.P.; Wijenayake, S.I.Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of patriotism, nostalgia, drama and excitement of the game, and interest in star players to predict fans’ intentions to follow one-day cricket in near future. Furthermore, social influence is positioned as a moderator to enrich the understanding of fans’ motives to follow one-day cricket. Design/methodology/approach – The data are collected by means of a cross-sectional survey conducted among 609 university students enroled in Pakistani and Sri Lankan universities. The collected data are analysed by employing a structural equation modelling procedures to reach meaningful conclusions. Findings – The variables of patriotism, nostalgic associations, excitement and drama of the game, and interest in star players are found to positively relate to the fans’ intentions to follow one-day cricket in near future. However, the moderating effects of social influence only moderated with interest in star players, which has practical and theoretical implications. Originality/value – The study is an original contribution to the field of sports marketing. The proposed relationships are based on social identity theory paradigm. Furthermore, the moderating effects of social influence and a multi-country data are unique to this study. Finally, in previous studies, football fans’ motivation and test-match cricket fans’ motivations are studied, hence one-day cricket as a context is also unique to this study.Item Finding greener grass on the other side of hill: Examining donor perceived brand equity in a moderating role of brand credibility(Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 2018) Kashif, M.; Fernando, P.M.P.; Samad, S.; Thurasamy, R.Purpose – The research concerning brand credibility of charity brands is scantly examined. The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating role of brand credibility within the customer-based brand equity model to investigate donor perceived brand equity of charity brands. Design/methodology/approach – In a cross-sectional research design, a survey-based research strategy is followed to collect data from 448 active Muslim donors in Pakistan. The collected data are analysed by employing confirmatory factor analysis based on Smart PLS 2.0. Findings – The results indicate that donor perceived brand association, brand awareness and brand loyalty strongly relate to perceived brand equity of charity brands. The brand credibility moderates the relationship between perceived quality, equity and brand loyalty, and equity paths. Practical implications – The charity brands need to focus on building a strong brand image and reputation to uplift brand credibility which can be achieved by offering training programmes addressing various social causes such as HIV and Cancer prevention. Originality/value – The proposed moderating effects of brand credibility and its application to charity brands operating in an Asian Muslim country context are unique products of this study.Item Re-imagining marketing as societing: A critical appraisal of marketing in a developing country context.(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017-10-28) Kashif, M.; Fernando, P.M.P.; Altaf, U.; Walsh, J.Purpose Marketing theory and practice is under severe criticism – socialists and the practitioners criticize marketing in its current form which calls for active efforts by marketers to reposition the discipline – making it beneficial to the masses. The Western world is thoroughly investigated based on the opinions of public regarding marketing as a discipline. However, studies which present a non-Western consumer’s attitudes toward the role of marketing in a society are scant. This purpose of this study is to encapsulate Pakistani consumers’ understandings and attitudes toward marketing with an emphasis on their perceptions of the ethicality and transformative power of the discipline. Design/methodology/approach A purposive convenience sample of 40 professionals with diverse non-marketing backgrounds and of the widest possible demographic profile participated in in-depth, unstructured interviews. The content analysis and grounded theory method were used for the analysis. Findings Marketing is appreciated for creating product awareness and, occasionally, combating social problems, but this positive image is clouded by severely criticizing it for promoting materialism, being irritatingly pervasive and pushy, as well as for using unethical and unfair practices. Practical implications The study offers a valuable insight into the discipline’s performative and social legitimation in a fast-growing Asian economy. The authors recommend paths for a positive repositioning of the discipline that will improve its public image and enhance its potential for being recognized as a force for positive social change. Originality/value Further to enhancing our understanding of consumer attitudes toward marketing, this paper’s value lies in it being the first ever exploration of the developing country perspective. Most importantly, it contributes to a debate that could enlighten the much-needed repositioning of marketing as a discipline to make it useful for masses.Item STUDY OF CONSUMER ATTITUDES TOWARDS GREEN COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTION.(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Fernando, P.M.P.; Hennayake, H.M.G.Y.J.Consumers have translated their environmental concerns into actively demanding and purchasing green products. The cosmetics industry could not be excluded from this driving trend towards green products. As a result of the growing number of green consumers, marketers are targeting the green market segment. Most of the companies in the personal care products sector are changing into organic ingredients to win these environmentally conscious consumers. However, a limited research attention has been given on this product category within Sri Lanka. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the attitudes of customers towards green cosmetics and its impact of consumer purchase intention. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis ®ression analysis. A deductive approach was employed to construct the conceptual framework and accordingly hypotheses were formed. Survey method was followed for the data enumeration using a self-administrated questionnaire. The results revealed that majority of the respondents consider health consciousness, self -image & green product attributes as most influential factors for the purchase intention. Further majority of consumers have positive attitudes towards green cosmetics products. This would be a favorable sign for the green cosmetic producers and suppliers in Sri Lanka.Item The Factors Affecting the Purchase Intention of Motorcycle Market with Special Reference to Colombo and Gampaha Districts.(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Weerasinghe, D.N.M.; Fernando, P.M.P.Motorcycle industry is a very competitive market with a significant number of market players. Also the statistics indicate that the motorcycles are a sought-after means of transportation among Sri Lankans. This study carried out to understand the factors affecting to the purchase intention of motorcycles in the Sri Lankan context. A comprehensive literature analysis was carried out in order to identify five major factors i.e. promotions, after sales service, product quality, country of origin and brand awareness which are leading to purchase intention within the motorcycle industry from both local and international context. The study focused on Colombo and Gampaha area with a sample of 120 and the survey method was used to gather primary data from the selected group. Hypotheses for the research were tested using correlation analysis. In Sri Lankan context, product quality, country of origin, and promotion are the most important factors when making a decision of purchasing motorcycles.Item The Factors Affecting Consumer Purchase Intention of Organic Food in Sri Lanka.(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Silva, A.S.S.; Fernando, P.M.P.Due to the current prominence of the concept “Organic Food” this research was conducted to identify relationship between organic food purchasing intension and several considering factors. A comprehensive literature review was carried out in order to identify the major factors leading in to organic food purchase intention among customers in both local and international context. Price, Quality of the foods, Healthiness, Labeling and Place were selected to study under the research as independent variables and customers’ organic food purchase intention was considered as the dependent variable. The study was quantitative in nature and a self-administrative questionnaire was prepared using the available literature to measure the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This was distributed to 150 sample who are both organic consumers and non-consumers with potential buying power to consume organic foods using convenience sampling technique. Also special attention was given to distribute the questionnaire to a sample from metropolitan areas of the western province due to the higher organic product availability and awareness within the region. In order to analyse the data Pearson Correlation Analysis and Regression a\Analysis were used. Correlation analysis revealed that place, healthiness, quality and labeling are having a positive association with consumers’ purchase intention of organic foods. Also the regression analysis further established these relationships.Item A Study of the Relationship between Rewards and Employee Motivation (With Special Reference to Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation).(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Nishshanka, N.B.A.P.S.; Fernando, P.M.P.Increasingly, organizations are realizing that they have to establish an equitable balance between the employees’ contribution to the organization and the organization’s contribution to the employees. Establishing this balance is one of the main reasons on offering rewards as a tool to increase employee motivation. In Sri Lankan insurance industry, non-executive marketing officers are now playing a significant role of generating revenue. Therefore, Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation must identify which factors are affecting to the success of the employee motivation within the insurance industry. The study focused on Pay, Benefits, Promotion, and Recognition as independent variables and Employee Motivation as the Dependent variable. 120 respondents were selected as the sample for the study using the convenience sampling technique. The results of the research indicated that there is a strong positive relationship between all four variables of rewards and employee motivation. And the research findings and recommendations can be used for further researches to identify further factors leading to higher motivation from non-executive employees within the insurance industry.Item A Study on Assessing the Factors and Extent of Brand Loyalty in Sri Lankan Decorative Paint Industry(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Liyanage, T.H.; Fernando, P.M.P.The number of decorative paint companies in the Sri Lankan market is increasing and similar to that the customer demand is also increasing. Today this particular industry has become one of the profitable industries in Sri Lanka. According to the comprehensive literature review carried out, it was noted that 95% of market share has been captured by seven companies out of the 60 brands. This research study was a step towards understanding the factors affecting to brand loyalty and the extent of the loyalty in the decorative paint industry in Sri Lanka. Consistent with the objectives the research questions were set. The hypothesis were based on selected independent factors from literature review. The research approach was consist of quantitative data and the main data collection method was done through a structured questionnaire. 153 customers were selected using convenience sampling methodology for the study. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data and correlation and regression analysis were employed as inferential statistics. According to the results Brand Image, Price, Referral Marketing, Product Quality, Communication, Environmental Friendliness have a direct impact to the attitudinal brand loyalty in decorative paint industry. But the Availability does not have a direct impact to the brand loyalty in the industry. Companies can use research outcomes in order to increase their brand loyalty and reduce cost in retaining customers.Item A Study on the Impact of Brand Equity Dimensions on Purchase Intention of Signal Toothpaste with Special Reference to Colombo Area(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Karunaratne, C.M.F.; Fernando, P.M.P.Brand Equity is one of important concepts in Brand Management as well as in academic research. Developing and managing Brand Equity for a brand is considered as a critical issue for most firms. Having number of brands and flavors, causes to create intense competition in the toothpaste industry. Brand Equity has become as an important concept to win this competition and to become as the dominant toothpaste brand in consumers’ mind. With the literature background, this research focuses to identify the impact of Brand Awareness, Brand Association, Perceived Quality and Brand Loyalty on the purchase intention of Signal toothpaste by adopting Aaker’s brand equity model. Current Signal toothpaste buyers were selected as the population for the study. Convenience sampling technique was used to extract 150 respondents as the sample. Survey method was used as the data collection method and a self-administered, structured questionnaire was distributed among respondents to collect data for the study. Hypothesis were tested by using multiple regression analysis and results showed that both Perceived Quality and Brand Association had a significant positive impact on purchase intention while Brand Awareness and Brand Loyalty do not significantly effect on the purchase intention of Signal toothpaste.Item Factors Affecting to Brand Loyalty in Fast Food Industry With Special Reference to Colombo District(Department of Marketing Management, University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka., 2017) Fernando, T.M.D.; Fernando, P.M.P.Developing and managing Brand Equity for a brand is considered as a critical issue for most of the industries. Having too many brands around the customer and competitive marketing and promotion campaigns can be a cause to create a brand confusion in customers mind. Multinational companies like Pizza Hut, KFC and McDonalds’ coming in to the local market using franchise model may use innovative strategies to build up their brand loyalty in local context. On this research, researcher tries to identify the most important factors that affect brand loyalty in fast food restaurants. The researcher identified Atmosphere, Promotion, Value Addition, Food Provided, Price, Brand Image and Service Quality through a comprehensive literature review as factors leading to branding loyalty. The research was conducted in Colombo District with a sample of 140 respondents. Survey method was used as the research strategy and a self-administered, structured questionnaire was distributed among respondents to collect data for the study. Hypothesis were tested using regression analysis and results showed that atmosphere is the most prominent factor when it comes to customer brand loyalty of fast food restaurants while other variables indicated a moderate to weak influence on brand loyalty.
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