Commerce and Management
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Item Impact of Virtual Learning Exposure on Students’ Satisfaction during the Covid-19 Pandemic Epoch: A Study at Sri Lankan University(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Manjula, S.The swift shift to virtual education due to the COVID-19 pandemic required a detailed assessment of students' satisfaction with this new learning environment. This study aims to examine the factors influencing students' satisfaction with online learning, focusing on how challenges of e-learning, learner motivation, and interaction affect their experience. Specifically, it investigates the extent to which these independent variables such as challenges of e-learning, learner motivation, and interaction impact students' satisfaction with online education during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the University of Jaffna in Sri Lanka. The study seeks to determine how these factors contribute to students' overall satisfaction with the transition to online learning. Using a convenience sampling, data gathered from 100 students at the University of Jaffna through a structured questionnaire. The data were then analyzed with SPSS version 25.0, utilizing Multiple Regression Modeling to evaluate the proposed hypotheses. This study highlights the strong correlation between learner motivation and student satisfaction in online education, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study findings indicate a significant and positive relationship between student satisfaction and learner motivation, with learner motivation having the most substantial impact on satisfaction. Although e-learning challenges and interaction did not significantly influence satisfaction, this study has implications in practical, theoretical, and managerial areas. These results enhance comprehension of the factors influencing online learning satisfaction during exceptional global difficulties. Future research should expand to other universities and include perspectives from teachers and staffs to enhance generalizability.Item The Impact of Green Training and Development on Green Organizational Citizenship Behavior: With the Mediating effect of Green Employee Attitudes at a Sri Lankan Apparel Sector Company(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Dasanayaka S. W. S.; Pieiris M. D. P.Today, worldwide organizations are prioritizing their impact on the environment and are taking initiatives to reduce environmental impact. Organizations are making huge investments to enhance their employees’ green behaviors towards the environment. But employees are indicating less environmentally responsible behavior. This research aims to investigate how green training and development affect green organizational citizenship behavior, considering the mediating role of employee green attitudes at a selected apparel industry company in Sri Lanka. Apparel manufacturing sector is the key contributor to the Sri Lankan economy. Data was collected via an online questionnaire distributed to 108 executive-level and higher employees, selected through simple random sampling. The sample varied by gender, age, educational level, and years of service. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. The findings indicate that green training and development have a significant positive impact on both green organizational citizenship behavior and green employee attitudes. Additionally, green employee attitudes positively influence green organizational citizenship behavior. While those relationships are significant, they are not strongly correlated. Moreover, controlling green training and development, green employee attitudes have a significant direct impact on green organizational citizenship behavior. In order to analyze the mediating effect, the bootstrap test was utilized. Although green employee attitudes mediate the effect of green training and development on organizational citizenship behavior, this indirect effect is not significant. The relationships among green training and development, green citizenship behavior, and employee attitudes are also influenced by additional factors.Item Role of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Illangarathne, S.M.R.K.In the contemporary business world remote working is something commonly observant nowadays. Remote working however has now limited the face-to-face interactions and greatly increased the adherence to online working as a comfortable way to work with. Consequently, technologies such as Artificial Intelligence has witnessed a boom in application in most of the management functions. Thus, efficient and fast work is something simple with Artificial Intelligence now. Considering about Human Resource Management solely, AI has radically transformed processes such as recruitment & selection, performance Management, Employee Engagement and T&D. The main intention of this study is to look at the role of AI in Human Resource Management and the opportunities and challenges that has been opened up with it. These results suggest that AI in the organizations plays a crucial role in supporting the HR department to automate recruitment, hiring, performance appraisal, T&D, employee engagement, retention, and reduce workload effectively to increase the efficiency of the workplace.Item Equipment Replacement: A Stochastic Approach Considering Financial and Failure Costs(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Vicentin, D. C.; Oprime, P. C.; Moralles, H. F.; Duppati, G. R.There are various motives to substitute productive equipment, with equipment degradation being one of the main factors. Equipment degradation involves the expenses of malfunctions that become costly over time, resulting in loss to the company. However, there is a scarcity of research that approaches the problem from a stochastic perspective. The incorporation of randomness in decision models signifies a progression in the quality of equipment replacement decisions. Thus, this research aims to analyze the advantages of the stochastic approach compared to the deterministic one, which is widely adopted. The results indicate that it is not advisable to generalize procedures that use a single sample size of failure data as a rule for equipment replacement decisions.Item Analysing the Impact of Voluntary Simplicity on Sustainable Fashion Clothing Purchase Intention among Young Consumers in Sri Lanka: Testing the Mediating Effects of Environmental Activism and Consumer Learning(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Ariyasena R.G.S.; Rathnayaka R.M.U.R.K.The developed world has shifted from primarily satisfying basic human needs to focusing on voluntary simplicity, a lifestyle that emphasizes intangible aspects like relationships, community, and personal growth. This approach reduces consumption and promotes environmental values, making individuals more aware of the consequences of their choices on the planet. The connection between past learning and feature-benefit associations allows consumers to prioritize aspects that are more relevant and merit greater attention during fresh learning. According to that, this research offers new insights into the impact of voluntary simplicity on sustainable fashion clothing purchase intention among young consumers in Sri Lanka: testing the mediating effects of environmental activism and consumer learning. In this study researcher use descriptive, quantitative research design with a deductive research approach and quota & judgment sampling methods has been used for the data collection. Overall findings revealed that Voluntary Simplicity positively affect Consumer Purchase Intention. This study introduces consumer learning as a novel mediating factor in the relationship between voluntary simplicity and sustainable fashion purchase intention, offering new insights into consumer behavior. As well as voluntary simplifiers fabricate a positive relationship on environmental activism and consumer learning. Further, the study revealed implications for Voluntary Simplicity in Sri Lanka through exploring Consumer Purchase Intention. Moreover, the study also suggests best practices for fashion industry parties in product offerings and other strategy development.Item Effectiveness of Different Value at Risk Models in Predicting Stock Prices during Covid-19: The Case of Colombo Stock Exchange(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Alagiyawadu N.M.; Perera S.S.N.; Bandara Y.M.This paper assesses the predictive capabilities (the performance and the reliability) of three widely used Value-at-Risk (VaR) models in forecasting stock values before and during a major economic disruption. Utilizing trading data from companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka, the research compares the performance of Parametric VaR, Historical Simulation VaR, and Monte Carlo VaR models across two distinct periods - the pre-Covid-19 era and the volatile pandemic market conditions. The analysis delves into how effectively these VaR methodologies capture and anticipate market volatilities and potential losses, offering valuable insights for financial risk management practices. The dataset is divided into three periods: pre-Covid-19 (01 February 2019 to 11 March 2020), during Covid-19 (11 March 2020 to 15 June 2021), with 270 observations for each period, and finally considering both periods. This split enables a balanced analysis of VaR model performance across different market conditions. By evaluating the model outputs across eight financial assets, including individual stocks, indices, and a diversified portfolio, the paper provides a comprehensive assessment of their strengths and limitations in turbulent market environments. The study's findings reveal that, based on backtesting, the Historical Simulation VaR model outperforms other models in predicting market risk. The Parametric VaR model shows moderate effectiveness, while the Monte Carlo VaR model proves to be the weakest in capturing market volatility. The findings shed light on enhancing the usability and applicability of VaR analysis during periods of extreme uncertainty, such as the Covid19 pandemic. The paper aims to empower risk managers, investors, and financial professionals with data-driven strategies to mitigate risks and make more informed investment decisions, even in the face of unprecedented market conditions.Item Assessment of Public Debt Sustainability Using Debt Dynamics Equation Approach:AComparative Study of Sri Lanka,India and Pakistan(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Sandamali D.M.D.C.; Kumarasinghe P.J.; Kankanamge K.S.The enduring feasibility of government debt is a widely discussed issue that significantly affects the formulation of public policies. It has a critical impact on the fiscal development of a country, and it is an essential feature of well-established macroeconomic policy. This research focused on assessing public debt sustainability by using the debt dynamics equation modified by Chandia based on the original work of Romer. This research examines the sustainability of public debt in Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan, focusing on the factors influencing variations in debt levels from 1990 to 2020. The initial section of the study highlights the factors that contribute to changes in debt stock. According to the analysis, the difference between the interest rate and growth rate, adjusted for the public debt stock, had a substantial effect on changes in debt levels in Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan. Furthermore, the disparity between the primary budget balance and changes in reserve money negatively affected debt levels in both India and Pakistan. A separate annual sustainability assessment of public debt is performed for each of the three countries. The findings of the analysis are grounded in two conditions of debt sustainability. The study reveals that the countries in question have faced unsustainable or marginally sustainable debt levels for an extended period. It emphasizes the need for fiscal and monetary policymakers to intervene in order to establish sustainable public debt levels within these nations.Item Impact of Green Loans on Financial Performance: Evidence from Sri Lankan Licensed Commercial Banks(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Senevirathne E.W.D.P.B.; Dissanayake D.M.U.H.; Jethusan J.To examine the impact of Green Loans on the Financial Performance, through examining the complex relationship between green credit and the financial performance of licensed commercial banks. This study includes ten private sector banks and two public sector banks for the period 2015 to 2022. Financial performance measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Regression analysis through two models for ROA and ROE were used for analyzing the acquired data and in addition normality test, hausman test and interdependency test were performed. As there are several articles on green banking concept and how its impact on financial and non-financial performances, this study investigates the relationship between green loans and financial performance, and the impact of green loans and financial performance. Although the previous literatures’ results are inconclusive, this research study shows that there is a significant negative impact of Green Loans on the Financial Performance of the Licensed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka. This research navigates the complex landscape of green loans and their impact on the financial performance of Sri Lankan banking sector, providing nuanced insights into both academic discourse and practical decision-making in the financial sector.Item The Impact of Role Stress on Work-Life Balance Evidence From Sales Employees in The Tile and Sanitary Ware Industry in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Harshani, M. D. R.; Senevirathne D. M. W. H. K.In the modern workplace, work is an essential component of one's professional identity; however, striking a balance between work and non–work activities can be difficult. Since more workers realize the importance of what is now called "work-life balance," maintaining a healthy balance between one's professional and personal lives has come to the attention. However, work is an integral part of one's professional identity in the modern workplace. Work and family are two crucial aspects of an individual’s life. Changes in the workplace and employee demographics have driven the attention of many researchers toward the line separating the work and family lives of employees. Maintaining a healthy balance between one's personal and professional lives has gained public attention as more workers recognize the significance of what is now called work-life balance. A few studies have been conducted to illustrate various aspects of role stress on work-life balance (WLB) concerning sales personnel in Sri Lanka's tile and sanitaryware industry. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship, concentrating on the influence of role stress on work-life balance. The study is quantitative in nature. Responses were obtained from 211 participants via a self-administered survey questionnaire. The multiple regression analysis was carried out utilizing SPSS 23.0 to verify the proposed relationships between the variables. Results showed that role stress (role overload, role ambiguity, and role conflict) significantly impacts the work-life balance of sales employees in the tiles and sanitary ware industry in Sri Lanka.Item Design and Development of a Reusable Chatbot for Fashion Recommendations: Sinhala Language as a Case Study(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-11) Sugathadasa P.D.C.M; Yatigammana M.R.K.N; Wijayarathna G.People communicate about their lifestyles, ideas, and social standing through fashion. Due to the ever-evolving desires and personal preferences and the availability of a wide range of options, selecting the ideal fashion design becomes difficult for customers. As a result, recommendation systems and chatbots have come to the market. In Sri Lanka, these chatbots are only available in English; thus, they are restricted in their ability to serve most Sinhalaspeaking community in Sri Lanka. To solve the said problem, this study builds a Sinhala fashion recommendation chatbot. This research focuses on the development of a chatbot developed using Python Flask. It uses OpenAI's GPT-3.5 Turbo to understand and generate human-like responses and Bing Translator to communicate in Sinhala language. The fashion problem solution was developed using the Soft Design Science Research Methodology (SDSRM). The chatbot was designed and developed using component-based software engineering (CBSE), which allows one to easily develop a complex application like a chatbot and export it to other domains. This makes it easy to deploy the chatbot for different purposes in business, education, or any other field with minimal modification. A hosted chatbot prototype was evaluated using a Google Form to obtain feedback. Users reported satisfaction with the personalized style suggestions, indicating the system's potential effectiveness. The unique achievement of this study was building a reusable chatbot module by combining several components; therefore, with minimum modifications, the chatbot can be customized to other domains as well.