International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS)

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Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of leaves of Impatiens Repens
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2023) Silva, D. T. D.; Abeykoon, A. M. D. M. B.
Impatiens repens, a plant species highly valued for its medicinal properties, has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, such as epilepsy, insanity, hemorrhoids, and gonorrhea. This species contains phytochemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, and phenols that are believed to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential source for developing novel anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aimed to investigate the medicinal properties of I. repens and evaluate its potential as a valuable source of natural anti-inflammatory compounds. The research focused on exploring the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of I. repens leaf extracts. Phytochemicals of I. repens leaves, first extracted into hexane by cold extraction were sequentially extracted into ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. The antioxidant potential of three solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) was evaluated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The methanol extract demonstrated the highest radical scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 407.63 ± 12.24 μg/mL, indicating its ability to effectively act as an antioxidant. Similarly, in the FRAP assay the methanol extract exhibited the highest reducing power, with a FRAP value of 661.56 ± 16.69 μg (Fe2+)/g extract. Furthermore, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were determined. The methanol extract exhibited the highest TPC (120.52 ± 4.47 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (17.77 ± 4.47 mg CE/g extract) among the solvent extracts. In addition, the radical scavenging properties of all solvent fractions were investigated using DPPH scavenging assay and their correlations with phenolics and flavonoids were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation. Strong and positive correlation coefficients of 0.99 and 0.99 were observed respectively. These results reflected that both phenolics and flavonoids contributed to elicit antioxidant properties of I. repens leaves. To assess the anti-inflammatory potential of I. repens, two assays were performed: the egg albumin denaturation assay and the Human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assay. In the egg albumin denaturation assay, the methanol extract exhibited marked and concentrationdependent anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC50 value of 346.58 ± 26.93 μg/mL. I In the HRBC membrane stabilization assay, the hexane extract demonstrated significant inhibition of protein denaturation with an IC50 value of 387.73 ± 4.42 μg/mL, comparable to the standard drug used, o-acetylsalicylic acid. These results suggest that leaves of I. repens possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising candidate for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. The findings of this study validate the use of I. repens in traditional medicine for various ailments and highlight its potential as a valuable medicinal plant. The rich content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the methanol extract further supports its antioxidant activities. Given the increasing demand for effective and safe anti-inflammatory drugs, I. repens holds promise as a natural alternative to conventional treatments.
Evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic properties and phytochemical composition of Impatiens repens stems
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2024) Kothalawala, N. K.; Abeykoon, A. M. D. M. B.
Plant Impatiens repens has been used in Sri Lankan traditional medicine as a medicinal herbal plant to treat various diseases such as insanity, haemorrhoids and epilepsy. This plant is believed to contain a lot of phytochemicals which are responsible for antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities. Not only leaves, but stems, and roots are also related to certain medicinal properties which have been used for years as herbal medicines. In this research study, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities and phytochemical composition of stems of I. repens were evaluated. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, total phenolic content (TPC) determination, total flavonoid content (TFC) determination and α-amylase inhibition assays were carried out in order to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic activities and phytochemical composition of I. repens stems using solvents such as hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. According to the results obtained for the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, the lowest IC50 value was obtained for methanol extract which is 3.536± 0.8416 mg/mL, with compared to hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. These results suggest that a significant antioxidant activity is present in the stems of I. repens. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of stems of I. repens were determined using TPC and TFC assays. According to the results obtained for total phenolic content, the highest proportion of phenolic content was obtained for ethyl acetate extract which is 173.157 ± 11.066 mg GAE /g extract while in total flavonoid content, the highest proportion of flavonoid content was obtained for methanol extract which is 44.623 ± 6.295 mg CE /g extract. Therefore, it can be concluded that a significant amount of phenolic and flavonoid content is present in the stems of I. repens. In α- amylase inhibitory assay, the lowest IC50 was obtained for the methanol extract with compared to hexane and ethyl acetate extracts which is 2.833 ± 0.760 mg/mL, indicating the highest inhibition percentage. Therefore, it can be concluded that a significant antidiabetic activity is present in the stems of I. repens, which is related to α- amylase enzyme inhibition. As a result of thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate preparation and gas chromatography (GC) analysis, a compound was identified which might be named as phenol,2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) in the ethyl acetate extract. This compound is determined as a compound which contains antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, it can be concluded that the compound, phenol,2,4-bis-(1,1-dimethylethyl) might be present in the ethyl acetate extract and this compound might be responsible for the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of stems of I. repens plant.
In silico ADMET analysis of compounds identified in the genus Impatiens in oral administration
(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2023) Jayaweera, W. P. B. R. T.; Sooriyawansha, A. M. S. C.; Weerakoon, W. M. T. D. N.; Abeykoon, A. M. D. M. B.
New drug discovery and development avenues have opened up due to the rapid advancement of computational methodologies and technologies. Impatiens is a genus of flowering plants in the family Balsaminaceae that has a long history of traditional usage in folk medicine and cultural traditions. Although prior studies have been conducted on the phytochemical compounds of Impatiens species, there is limited information available about their pharmacokinetics and oral toxicity. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties of compounds identified in the genus Impatiens, in silico. Due to the time-consuming and costly nature of traditional experimental methods, in silico approaches are required to screen and prioritize potential candidates. Sixteen (16) compounds from the genus Impatiens were chosen to evaluate the ADMET and physicochemical properties using the in silico online tools, pkCSM, and Molinspiration. As a standard for comparison, Colchicine was used as the negative control as it is a known toxic compound. Molinspiration results showed that all the compounds, except for Esculin, followed Veber’s rule. Conversely, all compounds including Esculin adhered the Lipinski’s rule. Additionally, pkCSM results indicated Caffeic acid, Sinapinic acid, (R)-(-)-Linalool as promising candidates for oral drug administration because of their advantageous ADMET profiles and non-toxic properties. On the other hand, compounds such as Esculetin, Scopoletin, Esculin, and 2-methyl-1,4- naphthoquinone, were classified as toxic compounds since they had unfavorable ADMET profiles and exhibited Low LD50 values, hepatotoxic and mutagenic properties. R)-(-)-Linalool emerged as the phytochemical with the greatest potential for the development of oral drugs, meeting the crucial requirements outlined by Veber's and Lipinski's rules. Remarkably, it showcases outstanding attributes, including high intestinal absorption (93.163%), impressive Blood-brain barrier permeation (0.598 logBB), notable Caco2 permeability (1.493 log Papp in 10-6 cm/s), favorable water solubility (-2.612 log mol/L), significant fraction unbound (0.484 Fu), a high LD50 (2.024 mol/kg), and no inhibition of CYP450 enzymes. Additionally, it demonstrated nonmutagenic and non-hepatotoxic properties. Nonetheless, further in vivo and in vitro studies are required to promote R)-(-)-Linalool as a promising oral medication candidate. These experimental studies will assure the chemical compound’s effectiveness, security, and possible applicability for therapeutic usage in humans.