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Item Uniqueness of Puravaliyam remedies with special reference to authentic traditional texts(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Nishshanka, N.M.S.A.; Samaratunga, U.A wide range of distinctive treatment procedures have been used in the management of eye disorders in Sri Lankan traditional medicine. Among them, traditional Puravaliyam is a procedure where the medicated paste is applied externally around the closed eye except eye lids which is similar to Ayurvedic Bidalaka. The study aimed at identifying the materials, preparing methods and indications of various Puravaliyam formulas which are used in traditional medicine. A literary survey was carried out and the data were collected from authentic traditional medical texts such as, Yogarnavaya, Prayogarathnawali, Varayogasaraya and authentic Ayurvedic texts including Ashtanga Hradaya Samhita, Sharangadara Samhita. According to the data collected, 17 Bidalaka formulas were found from Ayrvedic texts and 101 puravaliam formulas were found from traditional texts. Among the puravaliam formulas, only one formula was mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. Although puravaliam formulas had been recommended for 30 eye disorders such as Timira, Kacha and Patala etc., there were only four eye disorders mentioned in Ayurvedic texts as indications of Bidalaka. There were 51 plant materials such as Strychnous potatorum, Tamarindus indica , 4 minerals like mercury, borax and 5 animal materials such as testicles of Vivera zivetta(Urule sattam), Cuttle sh bone which were not mentioned in Bidalaka remedies. The study revealed that there were 12 endemic plants mentioned in these formulas. The research also revealed that there were specic preparation methods which are not found in Ayurvedic Bidalaka, including the preperation of drugs on the heated blade of a hoe, tiding drugs inside a pottali and boiled under the hot ashes. Distinctive liquids were used as grinding agents of medications such as breast milk, lime juice etc. The present study contributes to identify specialty of drugs, preparation methods and indications of traditional Puravaliam. It can be concluded that there were many traditional Puravaliam remedies with specic features which need to be preserved.Item Significant characteristics of traditional medicine in Sri Lanka: a review based on sources of available evidence.(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Peiris, R.M.; Karunarathna, H.M.H.L.; Samaratunga, U.; Kaldera, H.P.I.J.; Wewalwala, S.L.Traditional medicine in Sri Lanka dates back over a period of 3000 years and expanded with the inuence of Ayurveda and traditional culture of the country. The objective of this study was to review the signicant characteristics of traditional medicine in Sri Lanka on the basis of archeological evidence, inscriptions, ola leaves transcripts and traditional authentic texts such as Yogarnavaya, Varayogasaraya, Bhesajjamanjusa etc. The basic concept of dedicated hospitals for human beings was established in Sri Lanka, a fact justied by the archeological evidence of the Mihintale hospital which is believed to be the rst hospital in the world. There is evidence form a number of inscriptions that traditional medicine received royal patronage and Maha Wedanā (medical superintendent) and Sulu Wedanā (medical ofcer) were appointed by the king to develop the traditional medicine and the signicant treatment method Pūdawedakama (treating the patients by using leech) was practiced. Sri Lankan traditional medicine is composed of a number of disciplines of which Ürdhvajatrugata Roga receives considerable signicance. Endemic plants have been extensively used to treat diseases in the Ürdhvajatrugata Roga; Goda Manel (Crinum latifolium), Kapparawalliya (Anisochilus carnosus) and Kabarossa (Similax zeylanica) have been widely used. Apart from the native plants, minerals (Walankatu, Yabora) and animal parts (Kabbellapotu) have been used for preparation of drugs to treat abscesses in the Ürdhvajatrugata Roga. Another signicant feature is that most of the typical practices have been recorded in Ola leaves scripts which have been preserved in the University of Kelaniya and in some personal collections. According to those formulae, Pathmana is a special kind of cūrëa in traditional medicine that consists of China Ala (Smilax glabra Roxb.) as the main ingredient recommended to treat Ürdhvajatrugata Roga. These ndings describe the signicant characteristic features of traditional medicine in Sri Lanka.Item Clinical application of Sri Lankan traditional formulae (Sétärämavaöé and Denibädi Kashäya) in the management of Ürdhvajatrugata Roga: a survey based study(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Karunarathna, H.M.H.L.; Peiris, R.M.; Samaratunga, U.; Dharmapriya, A.K.H.The history of Sri Lankan traditional medicine dates back to the period of riñi Pulasthi and king Rävaëa. It consists of a vast range of indigenous drug formulae in the management of various kinds of diseases. There are a number of authentic texts related to traditional medicine. Vaöikä Prakaraëaya is one such authentic classic which was written in the 18th century. The formulae used for this study was obtained from Vaöikä Prakaraëaya. The objective of the study was to identify clinical application of Sétäräma Vaöé and Denibädi Kañäya in the management of Ürdhvajatrugata Roga. One hundred indigenous medical practitioners were randomly selected for this study. The data were collected through a specially designed questionnaire. In the literature review of the formulae, Bin kohomba (Munronia pinnata) and Kudumirissa (Toddalia asiatica) were identied as native plants in Sri Lanka.Another specic feature is that Lunuwarana (Crateva adansonii) which is mostly used in the urinary tract diseases in Ayurveda, has been used to treat diseases in the Ürdhvajatrugata Roga in traditional medicine. The results revealed that 100% of physicians use this combination for Çiro Roga, especially in Kaphaja and Vätaja Çiro Roga. Apart from that, many physicians (85%) use it for PénasRoga. 45% of physicians use it for Karëa Roga, especially in Karëa Päka and Karëa Sräva and 40% of physicians use it for Näsä Roga, especially in Kaphaja Pratiçyä. Further, Akñi Roga (30%) and Mukha Roga (20%) were also treated by the physicians using this formula. Therefore, it can be concluded that most of the indigenous physicians in Sri Lanka use this traditional formula in the management of a wide range of Ürdhvajatrugata Roga.Item Influence of Tamil language on indigenous medicine in Sri Lanka(Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Peiris, R.M.; Samaratunga, U.; Kaldera, H.P.I.J.; Wewalwala, S.L.The indigenous medicine of Sri Lanka claims an archaic practice tracing its roots back to pre-Aryan civilization with a cultural heritage comprised of indigenous wisdom, religious concepts of Buddhism, knowledge of Siddha medicine and Ayurveda. The absorption of Ayurveda and Siddha medicine into indigenous practice was itself a historical event. These systems were gifted from India along with several waves of culture that passed over to us. Authentic indigenous medical texts have proven that the foreign remedies have been absorbed into indigenous medicine through the various nations migrated to Sri Lanka. This study was carried out to find out the influence of Tamil language on indigenous medicine. Vatikaprakarana, Ayurveda Pharmacopoeia, the book series ‘Talpate piliyam’, Deshiya Paribhashika Shabdakoshaya, Deshiya Cikitsa Samgrahaya, Vanavasa Nigantu, Sarasvathi Nigandu and Vaidya Chinthamaniya were used as the data sources in this study. The study revealed that the Southern Indian physicians who abided Sri Lanka between 17th and 18th century had written their remedies on Ola leaves in Sinhala language adhering to its pronunciation and some of them were written in their original Tamil form. Further, it was found that those words can be classified under different categories such as plant origin materials (Kuppameniya, Nochchela, Kuringnan), mineral origin materials (Sinakkaran, Elimarindu, Wellapashanam), diseases (Visappu, Vadan, Sanni), dosages (Manchadi, Mukkal, Kal) and preparations (Kulambu, Kayam). In addition, some Mantras used in traditional medicine also consisted of Tamil words. According to the study, it can be concluded that the findings mentioned in the studied indigenous texts explicate the influence of Tamil language on indigenous system of medicine in Sri Lanka.Item A statistical fuzzy inference system for analyzing temperamental groups in neuro-linguistic programming(Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Mendis, D.S.K.; Ratnayake, U.; Karunananda, A.S.; Samaratunga, U.Neuro-Linguistic Programming describes the fundamental dynamics between mind (neuro) and language (linguistic) and how their interplay affects our body and behavior (programming). Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is about self-discovery, exploring identity and mission. It also provides a framework for understanding and relating to the 'spiritual' part of human experience. The immediate problem that this poses for a full understanding of human functioning is that the inner subjective experiences of consciousness based in NLP. Manas prakurthi in Ayuverda contributes to the study of personality. Tamas-Rajas-Sattva temperamental groups give rise to the framework of Space-Time-Causation when evolution starts in association with Consciousness Principle in manas prakrti. The objectives should contribute to a better analyzing of the temperamental groups in manas prakrti and to analyze the gap between current state of work and values of NLP. This paper attempts to present a tool to analyze Tamas-Rajas-Sattva temperamental groups that are found in manas prakrti by using a statistical fuzzy inference system. At the initial stage common sense knowledge based on manas prakrti is converted into a questionnaire. Removal of dependencies among the questions in the questionnaire is modelled using principal component analysis. Classification of Tamas-Rajas-Sattva temperamental groups is processed through fuzzy logic module, which is constructed on the basis of principal components. Effective decision making for type of manas prakrti has been derived from sugeno defuzzification technique based on an integrated Principal Component Analysis approach. The statistical fuzzy inference system facilitates an approach to identify the influences to understand the nature of human personality in Neuro-Linguistic Programming.Item Containers used to store and transport proprietary indigenous medical preparetions (A survey conducted in the National Museum)(Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, 2005) Samaratunga, U.