Reviewing International Encounters (RIE)

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A study on poverty and women unemployment
(Reviewing International Encounters 2015, Research Center for Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Subasinghe, W.
This paper explores one of the key issues in current research on gender and development: the links between poverty and women's employment and underemployment. The nation‟s economic crisis has deeply affected the lives of thousands of Sri Lankans. Unemployment has pulled the rug out from under many families, particularly those living in low-income communities. Deepening poverty is inextricably linked with rising levels of homelessness and food insecurity/hunger. Poverty can be considered as a central socio and economic problem. The women ratio is highly vital factor in concerning of current population statistics including women households, education level, and women workforce. The purpose of the study is looking the women unemployment and makes proposals to uplift the women‟s contribution to the national economy. Objectives: To identify male vs. female unemployment, what extent is a woman's household economic status, which programs are most suitable for women for livelihood. Research question: What is the co-relation between poverty and women‟s unemployment? Methodology: Survey method has been done for collecting primary data through structured questionnaires. FGDs and KII has done. Findings: The first phase of the project involves screening overall studies have shown very different effects of poverty, for different types of poverty: from income inequalities, to social exclusion and unemployment. The final phase involves the analysis provides strong evidence for a co-relation between household economic status and women's current employment status. This is true for the entire sample and for the married and unmarried women. The interplay of economic factors (in terms of household needs and aspirations) and cultural factors (in terms of women's position in the family as unmarried daughters as opposed to wives or daughters-in-law) as determinants of women's employment is important both on the supply side of the labour market and women's ability to obtain employment in an imperfect and almost saturated labour market in the context of Sri Lanka.
Poverty impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation in Sri Lanka: A CGE analysis
(Reviewing International Encounters 2015, Research Center for Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Ranathunga, S.; Strutt, A.
Opponents of free trade believe that more open trade exacerbates poverty in developing economies, particularly in agriculture. In contrast, advocates of trade liberalization often argue that economy-wide gains from trade liberalization make people better off. Although the links between trade and poverty are complex and much-debated many researchers, including trade and development economists, and policy makers believe that trade liberalization plays a vital role in poverty reduction in developing nations like Sri Lanka. This study examines potential poverty changes through various income strata of households under selected agricultural trade liberalisation scenarios in the Sri Lankan context. First, the poverty headcount in each population stratum was calculated, along with poverty elasticities using Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2006/7 data. Secondly, these data were calibrated with the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database (version 8.1). Finally, we used poverty measures and AIDADS calculations17 to build a GTAP-POV framework for Sri Lanka. Poverty changes for multilateral and unilateral liberalisation scenarios are analysed for seven household strata in Sri Lanka using the GTAP-POV framework. In addition, we model the impact of an Indo-Sri Lankan Free Trade Agreement (ISFTA), as an important example of a bilateral trade agreement. Although Sri Lanka has a very detailed and constantly updated poverty profile, very limited attempts have been made to study poverty within different income strata. Observing poverty changes using poverty elasticities over seven specific income strata is a new dimension for the Sri Lankan poverty profile, which can be used generate insights into the impacts of trade policy changes on poverty. Our GTAP-POV modelling and analysis suggests that multilateral trade liberalisation reduces poverty most effectively and that agricultural trade liberalisation is a very important component of this. However, even if multilateral liberalisation is not possible, unilateral reductions in tariffs by Sri Lanka may also lead to substantial levels of poverty reduction, again with agricultural liberalisation being a particularly important component. However, bilateral trade agreements such as ISFTA are likely to have much smaller impacts on poverty reduction for Sri Lanka
Micro Credit Programs on Women Empowerment in Sri Lanka: With Special Reference to Samurdhi Micro Credit Program
(Reviewing International Encounters 2018,The Research Center for Social Sciences (RCSS), University of Kelaniya, Sri LankaKumari, J.A.P.2018.Micro Credit Programs on Women Empowerment in Sri Lanka: With Special Reference to Samurdhi Micro Credit Program.Reviewing International Encounters 2018, The Research Center for Social Sciences (RCSS), University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. p08, 2018) Kumari, J.A.P.
Micro credit is the lending of small amounts of loan at low interest to law income people to start their own business. Micro credit used as a key tool for reducing poverty in developing countries after the experience in Bangladesh Grameen Micro Credit Program. Women empowerment has been identified as a main determinant to alleviating poverty in poor households. The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of micro credit programs on women empowerment in order to reducing poverty in Sri Lanka. Data gathered through conducting interviews with total of 200 women in Samurdhi Micro Finance programs in Colombo District Secondary data collected from books, articles, relevant websites and other relevant documents. Collected data analyzed by regression analysis and descriptive analysis. The study revealed that micro credit has being effectively used to social and economic empowerment of women beneficiaries through increase family income and household living condition and Samurdhi microcredit program giving strong contribution to enhance small scale business, small saving and investment. The research demonstrated several general issues of microcredit servicers to poor women such as it failed to reach poorest of the poor women, lack of repayment, lack of effectively serve to target groups and misallocation of the resources as the result of political interference

Reviewing International Encounters (RIE)

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