Journal of Social Statistics (Staff publication)

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Customer’s Perspectives on Internet Banking based on E-S-Qual Model
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2021) Gunarathna, Manjula
In Sri Lanka, the credit growth the banking system improved in 2020 compared to 2019 regardless of the adverse economic effects caused by the ongoing pandemic and nationwide and district-wide lock-down periods. A significant increase was noticed in the usage of internet banking as people were considerably confined to their homes. Consequently, this study focuses on recognizing the view of customers on internet banking based on the E-S-Qual model. This model was established to measure the quality of e-service. Both exploratory and confirmatory factors analyses are classified into three independent factors namely, (i) System availability & fulfilment (ii) Efficiency and (iii) Privacy as common factors of internet banking. Respondents between the ages of 20 to 30 have shown positive perceptions on these three internet banking factors according to the cross-tabulation results. It was also revealed that the female respondents show a higher positive perception (76.9%) in comparison to males (23.1%) on the privacy of internet banking.
Factors Affecting Online Purchasing Intention of Apparel among Young Customers in Sri Lanka
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Hapuarachchi, H.A.D.T.
The volume of online activities has gained rapid momentum owning to accelerated internet penetration and developments in the arena of information communication technologies. This scenario is true not only within the global context but also within the context of Sri Lanka. This research has uncovered the recent trends in the modern-day online shopping space. The existing developments suggest that consumers often search for products online and make their purchases offline. A great proportion of Sri Lanka’s young consumers purchase products through the internet. In this research, the researcher examines the factors that affect purchasing intention among young customers with special emphasis on the Western province of Sri Lanka. A questionnaire was utilized as a research instrument and the researcher collected data to investigate this research topic. Descriptive statistics, chisquare analysis and factor analysis were mainly used to analyse the gathered data. The variables utilized in the study are website content, awareness of existence, price of the item, trust in delivery and transaction, advertising, and distribution of information. Ultimately, the researcher has presented a set of recommendations based on the conclusions of the study.
Factors Affecting the Tourists’ Arrival at Botanical Gardens in Sri Lanka (Peradeniya and Henarathgoda Botanical Gardens)
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Gunarathna, Manjula
Currently, tourism is recognized as an emerging industry worldwide. Due to the wide variety of purposes and preferences that tourists have, the industry has grown exponentially over the years, branching out into different areas among which eco-tourism plays a significant role. In Sri Lanka, the tourism industry plays an undisputable role in the country’s economic growth. However, it can be observed that the contribution of botanical gardens to the development of the Sri Lankan tourism industry has not been acknowledged by the contemporary studies that concern the industry. Therefore, this study aims to identify the prominent factors that influence the change in tourist arrival in both Peradeniya and Henarathgoda botanical gardens. The present study aims to understand the impact of the factors on tourist arrivals to the selected gardens through a sample of 75 local and 25 international tourists, who were selected via an on-site survey. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed that gender and age group are the most influential variables that showed different agreement levels in the Peradeniya Botanical Garden, whereas age group, gender, and educational level demonstrated different agreement levels in the Henarathgoda Botanical Garden. The research identified five factors that significantly influenced tourist visits in the Peradeniya botanical garden including external facilities, natural environment, garden environment, transportation and communication, and safety. Similarly, in the Henarathgoda botanical garden, four factors were identified as influential: facilities, transportation, security, parking, sanitation, and natural attraction.
Factors associated with Fatal Motorcycle Accidents (MAs) in Sri Lanka
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2021) Hapuarachchi, Dimani
Motorcycle accidents (MAs) account for nearly 40% of road traffic accidents (RTA) reported annually in Sri Lanka. The main objective of this research was to identify the risk factors associated with MAs in Sri Lanka. The binary logistic regression analysis is used in this study to predict the relative likelihood of fatal Mas happening against the non-fatal MAs, to determine the risk factors associated with RTAs in Sri Lanka by considering the secondary data from 2013 – 2019. Weekday, dry road surface, clear weather, daylight, a night with improper street lighting, roundabout, road with no junction, age of driver being 40-59, age of the driver being 18-39, age of the driver being less than 18, having no valid license, male, typical working day, typical weekday, and rural area were the variables identified from the binary logistics regression model. These proved to have a significant positive influence on the odd ratio of fatal motorcycle accident occurrences. In order to reduce the number of accidents the severity of injuries, by utilizing signalization, building bridges for pedestrians, establishing pavement tunnels to minimize exposure to moving vehicles are prominently recommended.
Factors Influence on Job Satisfaction of Graduate Employees in Sri Lanka’s Manufacturing Industry
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Karunarathne, S.N.K.; Kodithuwakku, D.S.
It is important to have a satisfied workforce in an organization to build up a successful organization. Hence, the study aims to identify the factors that affect job satisfaction among graduate employees in Sri Lanka's manufacturing industry. The sample population of the study was all the graduate employees of the main five sub-sectors in Sri Lanka’s manufacturing Industry. The sample (n=156) was selected from the sample population by using the stratified sampling method. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire. Initially, the study applied factor analysis and chi- squared test to derive the objective of the study. The factor analysis revealed five factors that influence job satisfaction among graduate employees. They are1- Company Policies and Supervision, 2- Working Conditions, 3- Work Itself, 4- Recognition and Advancement, 5-Job Security, and Human Relationships. Additionally, the chi- square test is used to identify the demographic factors that affect the employees’ job satisfaction. The results showed that the degree obtained by the employees had a significant impact on their job satisfaction.
Right View on Sustainability
(Jayantha K.; Ariyawansa R.G.; Kumara U. Anura (2022), Right View on Sustainability, Volume 03, Issue 02, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, Faculty of Graduate Studies - University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. 33-54., 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. Anura;
This paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.
Solid Waste Source Separation Behavior and it’s Association with Demographic, Socio-Economic, and Local Authority Involvement Factors at the Household Level in Sri Lanka
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Zhao, Y.; Diunugala, H. P.; Gamlath, G. R. M.
Effective solid waste source separation behavior at the household level plays a pivotal role in modern societal scenarios. Understanding situational and socio-psychological factors, including knowledge, inconvenience, experience, awareness, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, is critical in improving practical waste separation practices. This study investigated the relationships between demographic, socio-economic and situational and socio-psychological factors on solid waste source separation behavior among households in Sri Lanka. The study was conducted within the positivist paradigm using the deductive method approach. The data were collected by distributing the structured questionnaire to 428 households selected under the cluster sampling strategy in the Western Province. The study revealed significant connections between situational and sociopsychological factors, such as knowledge, convenience, experience, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on households’ solid waste source separation behaviors. The study also identified significant associations between situational and socio-psychological factors and demographic and socio-economic factors. The findings implied that space for an integrative effort for households’ solid waste source separation behaviors and its association with demographic, socioeconomic, and local authority engagement is a pre-requisite arrangement for implementing on-bound solid waste management techniques in the country’s development regime. This suggests the need for effective solid waste source separation behavior among households for improving sustainable development policies and strategies, particularly in developing countries like Sri Lanka, which can be achieved through collaborative and participatory approaches. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, government agencies, and other stakeholders to improve solid waste management practices and promote sustainable development targets.
Statistical Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) in Sri Lanka
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2021) Kodithuwakku, D.S.; Peiris, T.S.G.
Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are one of the most prominent public health problems as it is a leading cause of death by injury and all deaths globally. This study, therefore, intended to determine the significant factors associated with RTAs in Sri Lanka (2005 - 2019) and the impact of those factors using data obtained from the Department of Police, Sri Lanka. The leading causes for RTAs are overtaking, speed driving and diversion and about 80% RTAs are due to these factors. The percentage of RTAs due to alcohol consumption by the driver is around 9%. Both exploratory and confirmatory factors analysis found that the causes for RTAs can be classified into two independent factors namely, (i) negligence of pedestrians & drivers and (ii) lack of attention of the driver. These factors are invariant by the factor extraction method and the type of orthogonal rotation. The condition of road the surface, light condition of the road, the situation of weather, type of vehicle and age of the driver are significantly influential factors in fatal accidents. The highest percentage of fatal accidents have occurred when the road is wet and light condition is poor during night. The inferences derived from this study can be effectively used for policy decisions related to traffic in order to minimize RTAs in Sri Lanka. The study confirmed the benefits of data-driven decision-making for policy decision process.
Value at Risk Estimation for the BRICS Countries: A Comparative Study
(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2021) Salem, Ameni Ben; Safer, Imene; Khefacha, Islem
This paper aims to investigate some statistical methods to estimate the value-at-Risk (VaR) for stock returns in the BRICS countries from 2011 to 2018. Four different risk methods are used to estimate VaR: Historical Simulation (HS), Risk metrics, Historical Method and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) Process. By applying the Backtesting technique, we test the effectiveness of these different methods by comparing the calculated VaR with the actual realized losses (or gains) of the portfolio or the index. The results show that for the all-BRICS countries and at different confidence levels, the Historical Method and the Historical Simulation are the appropriate methods, while the GARCH model failed to predict precisely the VaR for all BRICS countries.