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Item Applicability of Bluetooth routing ad-hoc networks for efficient communication.(International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Jayawardena, B.In the age of Internet of Things, we expect devices other than computers to communicate with similar or different types of devices. These devices have to be designed in a specific way to communicate and achieve a predefined set of objectives. Hence, the devices need to be aware of with whom they should communicate and what, with what infrastructure and operational environments such as cars, door-locks, refrigerators, health information devices which could create intelligent systems that communicate over the Internet with information/computer systems. On the road, cars may move in a lane one after the other, swiftly engaging in lane changes, slowing down through intersections, accelerating when required, turning left and right after each block. If these vehicles can continuously communicate with each other to exchange status updates on its movement and drivers’ actions, smooth operation of vehicles on roads could become a reality. Cars need to know who is behind them, front of them, and passing them, in order to send messages forward, backward or around each one of them. The study describes two instances (event of braking and road condition of a location) where cars communicate depending on information collected through ad-hoc networks, built upon sharing critical information and a selection of topologies and protocols depending on the objective of the network. The study proposes Bluetooth routing ad-hoc network to provide conceptual framework for dynamic ad-hoc networks where a set of devices can quickly form in a network based on their relative position, continue to maintain the network as new nodes join and leave, and disband once the objective of the network is accomplished. Specialty of this situation is that each node should know who are directly nearby or next to them, and from which direction, in order to communicate specific messages, and when required, a node should be able to reach a group of nodes in a given direction, but out of direct communication range, through intermediary nodes that route communications. A signal such as Wi-Fi would reach longer distance than Bluetooth, confusing this critical discovery process by reaching irrelevant devices faraway. Currently, this area has not been studied specifically. Concept was validated by having a group of devices arranged in a line, being able to discover each other, communicate with each other based on their relative physical positon in the group, and pass simple messages between them. Bluetooth communication uses low power radio signals in a limited range, compared to strong Wi-Fi signals that travel longer distances. Bluetooth ad-hoc routing networks can handle discovery and peer negotiations efficiently and even let stronger, long-distanced Wi-Fi signals make communication between the nodes where required, based on the established Bluetooth ad-hoc network.Item A zero configuration protocol stack for device-to-device communication in a private Wi-Fi network(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Wickramarathne, I.Y.; Jayawardena, B.; Rajapakse, C.Traditional wireless communication involves many Internet-based services, which makes the availability of an Internet connection mandatory to complete the communication. Furthermore, when introducing new devices into the network, preconfiguration, authentication and granted access rights are must to have. This research proposes a stack of protocols for discovering peer nodes, establishing connectivity with them and handling communication between those peers in a Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) network without Internet connectivity as well as configuration and authentication requirements. In this new protocol, all the nodes in the network becomes objects and the user selects appropriate communication channel based on the communication requirement. It could be voice calling, screen sharing, chatting, video calling, file sharing, data transmission, etc. Since the protocol uses local area network, network traffic is not going out from the local router to the Internet. The protocol’s security mechanism is based on different instances. The user is allowed to define his/her own security definition to his/her communication. The protocol supports to network security, application based security, and group based security with encryptions. The research is based on the build and test approach where incrementally developed components of the protocol stack are tested on different Wi- Fi security platforms and device platforms and fine-tuned for minimum bandwidth consumption and data losses. Protocol stack is being developed in accordance with several layers of the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) model such as application, transport, network and physical. Simple chat application is built with all the proposing components and algorithms in order to proof of the concept. Our ultimate objective is to apply this new communication protocol to the IoT (Internet of Things) environments. Since protocol supports to any OS (Operating System) platform and enable Wi-Fi communication with any device without any configurations, this can be used as the core communication protocol used by the devices present in an IoT environment.