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Item Supply chain risk assessment model for a small scale apparel manufacturer(International Research Conference on Smart Computing and Systems Engineering - SCSE 2018, 2018) Erandi, M.P.H.; Peter, S.The adoption of free trade, and advances in communication and information technology and transport systems have propelled globalization of trade. Local supply chains have rapidly become complex intertwined international supply chains, facilitating efficient manufacture at very competitive rates. However, this benefit is somewhat offset by the increased risk of the complexity of such supply chains. Any disruption to them will have a major ripple effect beyond the initial direct user and have a crippling effect on the company and the national economy. Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM), has focused on developing models and frameworks using varying techniques and tools. As a risk, it is very contextually dependent, it is a necessity to analyze risks related to different industries and organizations. The objective of this study was to develop a framework to assess supply chain risks, through a case study of a small scale Sri Lankan apparel manufacturer. A modified version of Risk Numeric Analysis model is used as the basis for developing the framework. Initially, supply chain risks were identified from the literature, using a cause and effect diagram. These risks were then narrowed down with the use of industry expertise from the apparel sector. Then, the risk assessment phase was conducted with the Analytical Network Process (ANP) as the tool. The output revealed a list of risk factors with the most critical risk at the top. The critical risk factors identified were supplier quality problems, human errors, referring to one supplier and lack of production flexibility. These factors were used to calculate a total risk score for the customer order in consideration, with reference to the output from ANP and the relevant probabilities of risks. The initial validation of the framework was done using two contrasting customer orders. i. e. successful versus unsuccessful order. The developed framework was able to discriminate the two orders with varying risk scores, making it a viable and effective methodology for assessing risks in supply chain in the apparel industry.Item A conceptual framework to assess supply chain risk in the apparel industry.(International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Erandi, H.; Peter, S.Along with the advent of globalization and the championing of free trade together with improved communication and transportation systems, enterprises have the ability to source supplies from a globally distributed supply chain. However, on the flip side, due to the complexities in dealing with a dispersed network of suppliers, manufacturing companies are facing risks of disruption to their supply chains. As risk is very context dependent, it is important to identify supply chain risks in different contexts and industries. Sri Lankan apparel industry plays a major role in the country’s economy, making it vital for companies to engage in proper identification and assessment of these risks. Therefore, the objective of this study is to conceptualize a model to assess identified supply chain risks and thereby to generate an overall risk assessment score for an apparel manufacturing company. The initial base for risk identification is through the use of the Ishikawa model. The cause and the effect for supply chain risks were established by analysing the initial data collected and via industry experts, a list of risk classes and sub classes were formed. Thereafter, a modified version of risk numeric analysis model is used to setup each and every class weight where industry experts’ opinion is taken for calculating the appropriate weights. Instead of using Analytical Process Hierarchy (AHP) which was used in the original model, Analytical Network Process (ANP) is used to prioritize the identified risk classes. The decision to use ANP is due to its ability to consider the complex inter relationships and linkages between risk classes and sub classes during the prioritization process. Finally, an aggregate score is developed for the overall company in terms of the supply chain risks by using the scores obtained for each risk class. The model will highlight the different types of supply chain risks that an apparel manufacturing company may face and how a proper mechanism can be developed to quantify these risks. The model would facilitate the company to directly identify the magnitude of each and every supply chain risk and the risk distribution via the overall risk score of the company. The risk score can be used by managers as a flag or an indicator that signals the company about potential risks. Apart from that, this model can be used to compare historical figures to monitor and evaluate the overall risk scores of the company. Furthermore this risk score can be used to compare the company performance with other competitors’ score values and to analyse how competitive the company is within the industry.