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Item Determination of anti-diabetic properties in Cinnamomum zeylanicum(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) De Silva, W. D. T.; Jayawardane, B. M.Diabetes is one of the major complications that millions of individuals in the world faces today. If two key enzymes, the α amylase and α glucosidase are inhibited, it can lower the possibility to develop diabetes. Synthetic anti-diabetic drugs are associated with various gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, it is important to identify and explore natural sources that have fewer side effects for managing diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate anti diabetic properties in Cinnamomum zeylanicum leaf . The C . zeylanicum leaves were collected from a cinnamon cultivation at Waskaduwa area and extracted by pressurized hot water extraction method and Soxhlet extraction method with ethanol . Each extract was tested for flavonoid content, phenolic content, radical scavenging effect and inhibitory potential against α amylase and α glucosidase enzymes . Flavonoid content was determined by the aluminium chloride colorimetric method and radical scavenging activity was determined using DPPH assay in triplicates . α amylase inhibitory activity and α glucosidase inhibitory activity were measured in duplicates by starch iodine method and enzyme inhibition method based on para nitrophenyl α D glucopyranoside (pNPG) substrate respectively . The highest content of flavonoids (52 . 23 ± 3 . 87 µg Quarcetin equivalent /100 g) was present in ethanolic extract . Phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteu colorimetric method . The highest content of phenolics (110 . 57 ± 1 . 71 µg Gallic acid equivalent/g) was observed in water extract . At 1 mg/mL, the highest radical scavenging effect was observed in ethanolic extract (66.98% ± 2.93) relative to water extract. Both extracts showed inhibitory potential against α - amylase (IC50 of ethanolic extract 0 . 0956 mg / mL, water extract 0 . 4880 mg/mL, Acarbose 0 . 0536 mg/mL) and α - glucosidase (IC50 of ethanolic extract 0 . 1521 mg/mL, water extract 0 . 8579 mg/mL, Acarbose 0 . 2593 mg/mL). The extracts of cinnamon leaves contain flavonoids, and phenolic acids and possessed scavenging effect on DPPH . Moreover, these extracts exhibited good inhibitory potential against α amylase and α glucosidase enzymes . The ethanol extract showed higher activity than successive water extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum . According to these results Cinnamomum zeylanicum ethanolic leaf extract shows high amount of anti-diabetic properties than the water extract .Item Inhibition of aspergillus flavus link and aflatoxin formation hy essential oils of cinnamomum xeylanicum (L) and cymbopogon nardus rendle(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 2002) Jayaratna, K.H.T.; Pranagama, P.A.; Abeywickrama, K.P.; Nugaliyadde, L.The essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.) leaf and Cvmbopoeon nardus Rendle were tested for their fungistatic, fungicidal and qflatoxin suppressing efficacy against an isolate of Aspergillus flavus Link, isolated from rice. The mycelial growth and the aflatoxin formation in SMKY semi synthetic liquid medium in the presence of different concentrations of two test oils were monitored. At concentrations varying from 100 to 500 ppm of the essential oil of C. zeylanicum. the mycelial dry weight decreased from 0.49 to 0.01 g/50 ml. The percentage inhibition of the mycelial growth of A. flavus increased from 50 to 95 when treated with 1000 to 1800 ppm of C. nardus oil. The minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) for the essential oils of C. zeylanicum leaf and C. nardus were 1000 and 4000 ppm, respectively. Aflutoxins were not present in the medium at or above the concentrations of400 and 600 ppm C zeylanicum leaf and C nardus oils, respectivelyItem Fungicidal activity of essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.) and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr et LM Perry against crown rot and anthracnose pathogens isolated from banana(Blackwell Science Ltd., 2002) Ranasinghe, L.; Jayawardena, B.; Abeywickrama, K.Aims: To develop a post-harvest treatment system against post-harvest fungal pathogens of banana using natural products. Methods and Results:Colletotrichum musae was isolated and identified as the causative agent responsible for anthracnose peel blemishes while three fungi, namely Lasiodiplodia theobromae, C. musae and Fusarium proliferatum, were identified as causative agents responsible for crown rot. During the liquid bioassay, cinnamon [Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.)] leaf, bark and clove [Syzygium aromaticum (L.)] oils were tested against the anthracnose and crown rot pathogens. The test oils were fungistatic and fungicidal against the test pathogens within a range of 0·03−0·11% (v/v). Conclusions: Cinnamon and clove essential oils could be used as antifungal agents to manage post harvest fungal diseases of banana. Significance and Impact of the Study: Cinnamon and clove essential oil could be used as alternative post-harvest treatments on banana. Banana treated with essential oil is chemically safe and acceptable to consumers. Benomyl (Benlate), which is currently used to manage fungal pathogens, can cause adverse health effects and could be replaced with volatile essential oils.Item Efficacy of essential oils from bark and leaf of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola in rice seedlings and young rice plants(Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2011) Amarasinghe, L.D.; Wijesinghe, W.K.A.G.A.; Jayawardhane, B.K.The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of essential oils from leaf and bark of cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum in controlling Meloidogyne graminicola and their effects on rice seedlings and young rice plants. This study was done; to determine the LC50 of essential oils of the extracts of cinnamon leaf and bark to kill 50% of second stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne graminicola in rice root galls; to determine the efficacy of essential oils of cinnamon; in controlling J2 in rice seedlings and young rice plants; and on the growth of rice plants. Cinnamon bark oil sample used in the current study contained about 72% cinnamaldehyde and the leaf sample contained about 86% eugenol. LC50 for cinnamon leaf oil and cinnamon bark oil for killing 50% of juveniles of M. graminicola in rice root galls after three days of the treatment was 0.326 ppm and 0.454 ppm respectively. Number of galls in the root system of nematode infested rice seedlings was significantly reduced when they were treated with 0.9 ppm of cinnamon leaf oil and bark oil compared to untreated controls. However, the nematicidal activity between the cinnamon leaf oil and bark oil was not significantly different. The root gall index of infested young rice plants was significantly lowered when they were treated with either cinnamon leaf oil or bark oil compared to untreated controls. It was revealed that the mean plant height and the mean number of roots of essential oil treated plants were positively correlated with the number of root galls whereas, the number of dead plants and the mean percentage chlorosis were negatively correlated. Nevertheless, the mean root length did not show any significant correlation with number of root galls. This study concludes that essential oils of cinnamon leaf which contained 86% eugenol and bark which contained 72% cinnamaldehyde are similarly effective in suppression of M. graminicola in rice seedlings and young rice plants. According to the rates of application of essential oils of cinnamon leaf and bark, none of them have significant negative effect on the plant growth. Hence, they can be used as an alternative nematicide against the rice root knot nematode, M. graminicola in early stage of rice plants.