NRCASS 2018
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Item The Impact of Economic Development on Poverty Reduction in Sri Lanka(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Abeyrathne, R.M.D.H.This paper attempts to investigate the impact of economic development on poverty reduction in Sri Lanka in the context of achieving the first sustainable development goal (SDG) “No Poverty: End poverty in all its forms everywhere”. Development is a multifaceted process of achieving economic, social and political wellbeing of people. The Human Development Index (HDI) for Sri Lanka in 2017 marked 0.77 points and the 76th place from 189 countries. It is an appreciative position in the South Asian region. Thus, development is measured concerning education, life expectancy and health status and contribution to GDP. Western province including commercial capital Colombo contributes 42.8% to the GDP in 2012 and it is the least poor province in the country. The least GDP contribution (3.7%) is by North province in 2012 which is recorded as the poorest province in the country. As usual western province marks highest contribution to GDP in 39.7% in 2016 while North province remains the least contributor by 4.2%. As a result, western province (39.7%) Central province (10.5%) that claims larger portions of GDP, claim higher benefits from development process. According to 2008, World Bank report, Western province including Colombo is an upper middle income country and the rest of the country is a lower middle income country. Therefore, the provinces with less contribution to the GDP remain underdeveloped areas that lack health and educational achievements. The sectoral analysis depicts poverty as an issue related to estate sector due its continuous large figures. In 2009/10 partial poverty is 5.3% in urban sector,9.4% in rural sector and 11.4% in estates. In 2016, urban and rural sectors have minimised into 1.9% and 4.3% respectively. Although reduced into 8.8% in 2016 estate sector still marks the highest figure. Therefore, encouraging private enterprises in urban sector, improving educational levels and employment choices in estates, facilitating loans and provide guidelines for SME can be suggested to reduce poverty in order to achieve increase partial contribution to the GDP. When each province contributes to GDP in an equal approach, the distribution of benefits will assure a comfortable life standard devoid of povertyItem Economy and Poverty in Tea Plantations(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Rajini Shakila, A.Poverty is an absolute barrier to prosperity due to the lack of resources and opportunities. Feeling of being disenfranchised from the various support systems such as educational, economic, cultural, social can weaken the feeling of empowerment to obtain these resources and opportunities. In Sri Lanka poverty line is one of the widely used indicators to measure poverty. This study is conducted to find out how the expenditure pattern affects the increasing poverty in tea estates in Kandy and Nuwaraeliya. Targeted number of estates is six. In the plantation sector there are certain different issues that have been the cause for the greater number of people to come below the poverty Line. Although plantation workers have many means and ways to earn the needed income. But, most of the workers do not use these opportunities. Therefore, this project aims to look at the reasons for these situations. In this study Primary data was collected in the field by using a structured schedule which includes the total monthly income of the worker, total outstanding saving and social expenditure of the worker. Secondary data was collected from the department of census and Statistics, ministry of finance and planning Sri Lanka. Descriptive statistics methods were used to analyze data and to achieve the objectives of the study. The questionnaire based on survey was done to collect information on monthly expenditure of 100 families using random number of Sampling method. The conclusion of the study shows how the income level has not helped to reduce the poverty levels due to not having the capacity to prioritize their expenditure items. Workers spend high percentages of their income for food (50%), alcohol (15-18%) and communication (15%). They spend as low as 4% of their income for the education and that leads to the low literacy among them. Finally, due to poor saving strategies the debts will increase.