NRCASS 2017

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The “DOKLAM” border standoff between two asian giants
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Karunarathne, M. S. H. U.
Sino-Indian border disputes has a long history which marked the deterioration of their relations. This particular study is mainly focused on ‘Doklam’ face-off, the most recent confrontation of borderland between China and India. The main objective is to examine the present situation of the border disputes regarding the ‘Doklam’ face-off and also discusses what types of changes will happen in their future bilateral relations regarding the ‘Doklam’ incident. Furthermore the study will examine the Bhutan factor which is the third party of the ‘Doklam’ faceoff. To achieve aforesaid objectives qualitative approach has been adopted and secondary data is the main type of data obtained from various sources such as books, journal articles, newspapers, government records and other relevant documents available in both printed and electronic versions. Document analysis and theoretical analysis are used to analyze data. In document analysis documents are interpreted to give meaning and it collects available data related to the study and interprets them to find out specific issues. Concepts derive from literature review and theoretical analysis helps to develop broader understanding on those issues and collect new knowledge. The research findings conclude Chinese influence over the other entities seems inevitable with its rise as a global economic and military power which is perceived as a threat by India. India is also trying to match Chinese rise resulting suspicion and fear psychosis among one another’s achievements. Border disputes consider as one of the main factor which is shaping their bilateral relations. Border States and areas, such as Bhutan and ‘Doklam’ has become convergence points for both India and China due to its strategic importance in the border areas.
Economic Burden of Diabetes Mellitus
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Liyanage, L. N.
Diabetic prevalence has raised faster in low and middle income countries than in high income country. There were 1.16 million cases of diabetes in Sri Lanka. Direct, indirect and intangible economic costs are affecting for diabetes patients. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the economic burden of diabetes. The data were obtained from a cross sectional survey conducted through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation, frequency, proportion, range and percentage and inferential statistics comprising χ2 test, T test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS and Excel. Average treatment cost was significantly higher in the urban community than in the rural area. Both direct and indirect costs were significantly higher in the urban community than in the rural community. Cost of treatment was significantly higher [χ2=18.67 p=0.028] among the urban diabetic patients with longer duration but it was not significant in rural community. The total productive day lost by employed type-2 diabetics was in rural area was 17% while in urban area it was 23%. The research has identified that urban area people suffer from diabetic mellitus than rural area. As well as urban area people had the greatest burden than the rural area people.
Factors Affecting the Usage of Social Media among Youngsters (A Quantitative Approach)
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Nalaka, G. P. S.; Diunugala, H. P.
Youngsters in every society are of great importance. Their attitudes and behaviors are significant since they are the leaders of tomorrow. They are getting involved with internet related activities more closely than others. Especially, at present social media plays a vital part in their day today life. Therefore, main focus of this study is to explore the factors that affect the usage of social media among youngsters. Mainly, primary data were used. Sampling was done through stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected from 420 undergraduates at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura using a web-paper based questionnaire. Descriptive statistical tools were used to present data. Regression models were applied on two dimensions of social media usage as how often youngsters use social media and how much time youngsters spend on social media. Most of youngsters use social media daily and spend 2 hours a day on social media. Relationship with family, relationship with friends, and privacy concentration are significant factor to the time spent on social media model. Relationship with friends, privacy concentration, and income are significant factor to the frequency of social media usage model. The coefficients are 0.0016, -0.0085, and 0.00000284 respectively. According to Analysis of Variance, purpose of online surfing and rural-urban residence effect on both frequency of social media usage and time spent on social media. Purpose of education is demotivated the usage of social media while communication and entertainment are motivated the usage of social media. Youngsters in urban areas use social media more than youngsters in rural areas.
Factors relating to work stress among female nurses in private and public hospitals
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Dilshani, M. A. R.
Occupational stress as a recognized problem in the modern era, is vital and important. Stress is influence on work place. Nursing is one of the stressful professions. Nurses play an important role in this field to uplift the health development. According to that the government spent a large amount of money for health service per year. Because of that this research aimed to reveal the stress level of nursing occupation in Sri Lanka. The objective of this study is to review trend of the workplace stress in nursing. In this study, 180 nurses were selected among nurses working in surgical, internal and psychiatric wards of 2 public hospitals and 2 private hospitals in Medical Officers of Health area of Dompe. Data were collected using questionnaires, and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used as main analysis method. According to the findings, Stress of nurses has been linked to reduce physical and psychological health, reduce job satisfaction, increase sickness absence and poorer job commitment. The findings suggest that occupational stress varies within different wards in the hospitals. Occupational stress should be prevented and controlled early and nurses should be supported in this regard.
The Impact of Microfinance on Women’s Entrepreneurship
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Rathnayake, R. M. D.
Entrepreneurship is the dynamic process of creating incremental wealth. Women’s entrepreneurship are key instrument in the society and their role is very important because, they act dual role both in the family as well as society. Microfinance has an important role empowering rural women in developing countries such as Sri Lanka by accessing credit facilities for their income generating activities to enhance rural women’s entrepreneurship. It has also been considered an effective vehicles for women’s empowerment. The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of micro credit facilities on empowerment of women entrepreneurs’ in rural area. Also to identify some of the microfinance facilities and special packages available to small scale enterprises run by women in the rural area, families of those women. In this study 37 women’s were selected randomly from the Teldeniya area for the sample. In this study both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was collected by giving questionnaire to the selected sample unit and secondary data was collected from the related reports and empirical studies. Collect data was analyze using the SPSS software version 20 and MS Excel. Though there are many analytical methods, this study use descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis to analyze the data. The sample women doing these business more than five years. The study found that majority of microfinance supported women entrepreneurs in rural areas have not good education. And they doing that business for five or more years. Among micro finance products Credit card and payment services are not popular majority use credit, savings, and insurance. The study found that the amount of loan, level of education and rate of interest are the important factors which determine the women entrepreneurship development.
The Impact of Microfinance Services on the Growth of the Microenterprises in Sri Lanka
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Badullahewage, S. U.
The microfinance is the provision of financial services to low income sectors, including the micro and small enterprises. It is mostly used in developing economies where micro and small enterprises do not have access to other sources of financial assistance. The microenterprises said to be the less privileged business group in the society which could play a significant role in the economy. There are substantial microenterprises operate in the Homagama region, but no study of impact of microfinance services on the growth of the microenterprises has been conducted. Therefore, the study intended to ascertain the impact of microfinance services on the growth of income and productivity of the microenterprises being operated on the micro loans and advisory and training services provided by microfinance institutions. All microenterprises in Homagama is the target population and out of which 60 microenterprises which have obtained micro loans from the microfinance institutions were selected based on the judgmental sampling method. The primary data were collected on face to face interview through structured questionnaire and secondary data were collected through literature survey. Quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to undertake data analysis respectively based on descriptive statistics and parameter estimation and open ended questions. The paired sample t-test, multiple regression, chi-square test, gamma and Kendal tau-b tests in the SPSS software were used to achieve the expected objective. The findings of the study indicated that micro loan and advisory and training services have created positive impact on the income and productivity growth of the micro enterprises. Moreover, majority agreed that the micro loan was fair enough for the expected tasks, they were satisfied with financial assistance received and success of their business. So, the study concluded that the microfinance services create impact on the growth of the microenterprises in Homagama region. Further, microfinance institutions should develop diversification in their products and government should create legal and regulatory environment to the entry of microfinancing by local and foreign investors.
Socio-economic Impact of Brain drain in Sri Lanka
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Samarasinghe, K. N.
People leave their motherland away from family and friends, in search of adventure, better economic prospects and to obtain better professional opportunities and a higher standard of living. International migration provides more benefits not only to the employers but also to their families and their country. Large scale migration of highly educated, skilled people of developing countries to highly rich and developed countries is called Brain-Drain. A relatively larger proportion of skilled Srilankan labours have migrated in the few last years. So that it is evident that Srilanka is mostly affected by this brain drain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify social economic impact of brain drain in Srilanka. The study is based on the primary data which was collected through questionnaires from 100 migrated skilled labours and secondary data from Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment. The data was analyzed by using SPSS. The survey revealed that, political instability, lack of autonomy academic freedom, lack of career opportunities are the pull factors for the emigration to developed countries. In economic perspective, as a result of fewer productive educational funds, worse health care system, unemployment and inflation, country becomes a poor state. Besides Regional inequalities, strains on families and gender roles are costs of emigration. The Brain-Drain generates the Foreign Direct Investment to the country and increase the global economies. There are both negative and positive impacts of human capital flight.
A Study based on the predicaments of studying environment of the university undergraduates
(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Jayawardena, M. Y. G.V.
Learning environment is a crucial factor that affects for the university education of an undergraduate. Studying environment is not only limited to the lecture halls since most of the undergraduates are residential. Hence, we can identify that the several difficulties could be affected for the education of an undergraduate. The main objective of this research is to identify those difficulties of studying environment faced by the undergraduates during their university life. This research conclude from the data collected randomly from 200 undergraduates of University of Kelaniya using a questionnaire. This research is based on the stratified sampling method and the data analysis has done using the SPSS software. Moreover, the factors that make an impact for the studying environment and the impact for the studying environment through those predicaments have identified. According to the data analysis, 65% of the undergraduates have those predicaments in their studying environment. Most of them from the other 35% are coming from their homes. The recorded data elucidates that Food and nutrition problems, the accommodation problems and the effect from the university sub culture and the lectures are conducted from the English language that is not much familiar for the undergraduates are the main predicaments faced by the undergraduates.
A Study on the Effect of Urban and Rural Divide on Youth Development Index (YDI) in Sri Lanka
(. 3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Kotigala, T.K.
Youth development has become critical for young people worldwide, in order to realize their capabilities to pursue decent employment, education opportunities, health and wellbeing, as well as civic and political empowerment. As a result, Commonwealth YDI was built as a tool to measure relative youth development across countries. This study investigates on the effect of urban-rural division on a young person in determining their YDI level, as those have divergent facilities levels that clearly differentiate each sector. Hence, the study attempts to identify the difference in between the level of Youth Development in both identified sectors of Colombo district, within the age bracket of youth in between 18-34 years. A representative sample of 299 urban (Kolonnawa DS Division) and 86 rural (Homagama DS Division) youth were chosen using stratified sampling with proportionate allocation. Primary data collection method of survey questionnaires was used to gather data. Secondary data were obtained from Census of Population and Housing (2012), National Youth Survey III (2013) and UN Statistics on Sri Lanka (1990-2014). The sample data was tested for reliability and validity by using Cronbach’s Alpha (above 0.7) and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (P-value=0.00, KMO=0.927). With 95% confidence it can be stated that there is no population mean difference in YDI (T=-1.11/ P-value= 0.268) between urban (Avg. YDI=0.803) and rural (Avg. YDI=0.818) sectors. According to the results, the sector difference has not affected the YDI level of youth. Yet examining further, Colombo district has wide opportunities available for youth more than any other district, thus, this similarity presented in urban and rural YDI may not be seen in other districts. Thereby, the study provides strategic suggestions for Sri Lanka to improve on its youth development island-wide, by presenting recommendations for government and policy makers, civil society and youth, and finally for further researches.