IPRC - 2017
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Item Assessments of Drinking Water Quality and Water Treatment Process in Kalatuwawa Reservoir in Sri Lanka.(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Premaratne, W.A.P.J.; Senarathne, K.S.D.Kalatuwawa is one of the major water treatment plants which supplies water to Colombo city and it‘s sub-urban. Raw and treated water samples were collected from the Kalatuwawa water treatment plant located at 6 85‘ latitude and 80 18‘ longitude. Both raw and treated water samples were analyzed ninety times within six months (15 days per months) from July to December 2016 for pH, turbidity, conductivity, color, hardness, alkalinity, aluminum, iron, manganese and ammonia. According to the experimental results, pH was in the range of 6.58.5 in the treated water. The conductivity values ranged from 20.5 to 34.5 μS cm- 1 in raw water and it was from 48.5 to 74.5 μS cm- 1 for treated water. The hardness value range was from 5.5 to 6.5 ppm (as CaCO3) for raw water and from 15.5 to 25.5 ppm (as CaCO3) for treated water. Raw water and treated water alkalinities were 7.0-8.5 ppm (as CaCO3) and 13.0-19.5 ppm (as CaCO3) respectively. Aluminum concentration in raw water was 0.02-0.05 ppm and it was 0.1-0.2 ppm in treated water. Ammonia concentration in raw water in Kalatuwawa varied from 0.02 to 0.09 ppm and the maximum value in treated water was 0.01 ppm. Iron concentration in raw water was 0.5-2.0 ppm and it was 0.05-0. 07 ppm in treated water. Average color of the raw water was detected as 39-83 Pt/Co units and after treatment process average color indicated as zero value Pt/Co units. Average turbidity value was from 0.2 to 2.5 NTU for treated water. Experimental data revealed that treated water from Kalatuwawa reservoir is in the limits of World Health Organization (WHO) standards for drinking water parameters indicating efficient, effective and productive water treatment process.Item Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water in Cooling Towers and Boilers: Testing and Comparisons.(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Premaratne, W.A.P.J.; Maithreepala, K.L.U.Scaling and corrosion effects of cooling towers and boilers can be identified by analyzing their water quality parameters. Cooling tower mainly has a refrigeration system, providing cooling in a wide range of applications such as such as chemical processing, power plants, steel mills and some manufacturing processes. Boiler is a vessel which has an enclosed system. In boiler, water is circulated and heated, either as steam or hot water to generate power or heat. This study investigated six cooling towers and six boilers selected from various industries such as food, beverages, dairy, manufacturing industry and hotels. Each water sample was analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, total hardness and chloride. According to the experimental results, in cooling towers pH value fluctuated from 7.6 to 8.7. The EC value ranged from 98.8 to 1215.5 µS cm1. The TDS varied in the range of 50.5 to 793.5 mg L-1. Alkalinity was detected from 18.3 to 343.6 mg L-1 as CaCO3. The value of total hardness and amount of chloride varied from 12.3 to 429.5 and 14.7 to 22.8 mg L-1 respectively. In boiler waters, the pH value varied from 8.7 to 11.2. The EC value was from 551.5 to 3997.8 µS cm-1. The TDS value was determined from 283.5 to 2748.5 mg L-1. The alkalinity varied in the range of 90.8 to 404.5 mg L-1. The value of total hardness and chloride varied in the range of 23.3 to 214.5 mg L-1 as CaCO3 and 9.6 to 23.5 mg L-1 respectively. The observed physicochemical parameters from water samples were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA. According to the experimental results, it was found that in most cooling towers and boilers physicochemical parameters of waters are not in the range of recommended standards values and have heavy corrosion and scaling effect. These effects can be minimized by correct chemical adjustment for the water quality parameters.