IPRC - 2017
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Item A Study on Social and Economic Impacts of the Migrated of Domestic Workers on Their Families and Children Left Behind(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Amarasiri, N.K.D.D.Unemployment and low wages prevailing in the global market pushes female workers to look for better employment in foreign country. Therefore, labor export is the main source of foreign exchange earnings for Sri Lanka. These migrant women come from low income families and have lower levels of education. The main objective of this study is to investigate the economic and social impacts of married females migrating overseas as domestic workers on their families and children left behind.Mirigama Divisional Secretariat Division was selected as study area. The 30 families of domestic workers were selected under the judgment sampling methodology. Field Survey, Interviews, case study and Questionnaires were used for collect primary data. Secondary data were gathered Institutional publications, reports, Internet articles. Data were analyzed by using descriptive data analytical methods. Migration can have both positive and negative impacts of socially and economically. The migration can have positive impacts on the increasing migrants‘ household income, savings and investment, build houses or repair the condition of their houses, buy lands, reduction debt burden and develop their daily consumption, increasing involvement of women in decision making, financial matters and household activities, improvement in the skills of the migrant, personal development, improvement in the social status of the family, improvement in children‘s education and the changes in gender roles. It can have negative impacts on if the marriages of the migrant are disrupted due to migration or they lose their recognition in the family or their children, the migrant had accumulated debts, the family members at home had misused migrant‘s remittances, migrants‘ husband has stopped working jobs and husbands getting addicted to liquor. The study revealed that the migrated housewives mentioned above have not achieved their object completely.Item Sustainability vs Asian Urbanization: Lessons through Space Making at Pola in Sri Lanka(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Liyanage, N.Sustainability is inextricably linked with the urban and will therefore inevitably rely on the life journeys of millions that live in those cities. Further, Mayor of NYC, Bill deBlasio, marking the opening of the summit 'Urban Resilience Summit 2017,‘ said ―Cities are at the forefront of local solutions to the global problems of climate change and inequality‖. World Urbanization Prospects report, ―Today, 54 per-cent of the world‘s population live in urban areas,‖ and ―…[will] increase to 66 per-cent by 2050… [adding] another 2.5 billion people to urban…, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa…‖ However, if Asia (and Africa) is leading the trend of urbanization globally, it is in Asia (and Africa) that the experiments to achieve a sustainable urban future should take place. Cities and the ‗life journeys‘ of diverse urban populations in the global West and South differ in their character, composition, aspirations and soul. Hence, imported spatial-solutions to achieve sustainability makes little to no sense. Perera (2013), argues that ―[to understand the Asian city and development] …the vast terrain of ordinary actors and spaces which are currently left out should be reflected in academic debates and policy decisions, and the local thinking processes that constitute these spaces need to be acknowledged, enabled, and critiqued.‖ Hence the historical and colonial process of importing urban solutions from the global West to solve urban issues in the global south is problematic though the slippery term ‗sustainability‘ continues to mask and justify importation. Exploring the link between sustainability—a Western discourse—and Asian urbanism is an emerging path of inquiry, this paper will first develop a broader understanding of 'sustainability' through a literary survey across sustainability studies, development, urban planning, and draw empirical evidence from social production of space, from an everyday perspective; It aims to show sustainability as something embedded in local ways of development and urbanization as opposed to bureaucratically imported solutions. It will examine the Pola (periodic market in Sri Lanka) focusing on everyday practices of sustainability in 'space making' both physically and socially in contrast to similar operations in a Pola re-developed by the state in the view of achieving urban modernity and sustainability. Building on the author‘s lived-in experience and ethnographic explorations of Pola as support staff to a Pola vendor for 3-months, the paper seeks anew understanding of sustainable-urban-future for fast growing Sri Lankan cities that brings everyday practices of sustainability into the realm of policy making and spatial planning. By creating room for ways in which sustainability is understood and practiced locally the national policies and programs can gain more mileage and authenticity compared to what can be achieved through mere importation of policy and urban solutions.Item A Study Based on Livelihood Aspects of Conflict Affected Women(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Peiris, M.J.D.The three decades long ―Sri Lankan conflict‖ came to a conclusive end in May 2009, following the military defeat, the country is at its evidence of sign of relief at the post conflict era after experiencing three decades of horrible past which consist of destruction, demise and chaos. Thus, post conflict peacebuilding has emerged in various aspects, and there is the requirement to address these aspects in order to build peace and reconciliation. In this background, this research is based on the study of the livelihood of conflict affected women in Northern, Sri Lanka. Hence, the main objective of this research is to discuss the current income earning methods, their special issues of livelihood, and to recommend policy proposals to effectively address their livelihood issues of conflict affected women. The research problem of this study is to ascertain ―what kind of sustainable livelihood issues faced by the conflict affected women who live in Vavuniya District‖? Thus, this study will be a mix of qualitative and quantitative approach. The sample was selected from the conflict affected women in Vavuniya District, North Sri Lanka. Further, data is mainly collected through single households, women who are widowed and single mothers whom are above 18 years of age. Primary and secondary data was used while the quantitative data was analyzed and presented through charts and figures when necessary. It made clear that the basic needs measured by this research are sufficiently adequate despite the fact that these women lack financial and product assistance to enhance their income. The major problem identified is lack of water for their occupations since abundant water is available for their houses. When regarding the issues attributed by these women, it is important to develop women‘s entrepreneurship programmers with access to monetary funds. Empowering these women is considered as the crucial factor as classified by this study. Finally it could be concluded that the government has to solidify their concern for these single households most importantly the older women regarding their livelihood.Item Sustainable Development and Sri Lankan Youth(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Wijesinghe, K.M.H.V.Today, sustainable development has become one of the key priorities of national policy making of any country. Sustainable development focuses on a wide array of aspects ranging from the most basic socio-cultural aspects to more sophisticated political, economic, technological and scientific elements. Understanding the importance of sustainable development, on September 25, 2015, the UN members adopted a set of goals to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all as part of a new sustainable development agenda. In the context of Sustainable Development Goals, where does the Sri Lankan youth stand? Development can be accelerated when the majority of youth in any country are able to make significant contributions to economic, social and political life in a way that lifts countries out of poverty, ensures greater stability and promotes healthier societies. (USAID, 2012). Against this backdrop, the study attempts to understand where Sri Lankan youth stand today and how can the youth be empowered in the context of attaining the following Sustainable Development Goals; 1)Ensure inclusive and quality education,2) promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all, 3) Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls, and 4)promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development. Basically, this research is a case study that looks into the relationship between the youth in Sri Lanka and Sustainable Development Goals. This is a qualitative research and the main source of data collection would be secondary data collected from various reports, internet, internationally recognized indices, books and other sources. As far as the findings of the research are concerned, the study has found the interdependent relationship between sustainable development and youth. However, this relationship has not been properly understood by all parties of the society, leading to a marginalization of the youth. Thus, the study has identified what is simply identified as PI approach (P=Proactive and I= Independent) to get the youth directly involved in the process of sustainable development.Item Lack of Knowledge in Understanding Colour: A Case Study Based on University Students(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Peduruhewa, C.D.As a basic element of art, color plays an indispensable role in visual arts and design. It sets the mood and evoke the desired feelings of an artwork or a design. Thus the knowledge about color should be an integral part of the teaching and learning process of visual art. This study examines the extent to which the school curriculum of Sri Lanka employs the fundamental knowledge about color to improve the understanding of school students who learn ‗Painting‘ as a subject. In this study, a questionnaire and a practical test related to color was given to a sample of 30 university students who have chosen to study visual arts as one of their subject in their first year. The results of the practical test suggest that many of the students lack the basic knowledge and understanding about the attributes of color such as hue, shades, tints and tones. The result of the questionnaire suggests that nearly all the students have not properly learned about basics of color at school level due to the fact that the school curriculum of art (painting) does not contain the basic elements and principles of visual art. It can be assumed that many graduate teachers who follow the curriculum and the given time-table, are not encouraged to include this fundamental knowledge in the teaching process.Item A Study on Superstition on Black Magic among People in Sri Lanka(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Ranaweera, K. G. N. U.; Gamage, T. C. R.Black Magic (BM) referred to the usage of supernatural powers for evil purposes. There are many myths and believes related to BM all over the world with different names. The origin of the BM goes to the primitive societies in the ancient era. Supernatural powers of the nature and the cosmic were being consider as living things and there was a belief that some people could take this powers to their own hand and control while using them for evil purposes. Although the integration of economic, political and social cultures created globalization with the progressive transition from a 'pre-modern' or 'traditional' to a 'modern' society, the beliefs of BM had been continued up to now as the exact way of they were. In Sri Lankan context, belief of the BM has been existed before the dawn of civilization. Sri Lankan tribes had been used these BM for evil and selfish purposes. After rooting caste system there was a special caste which contained the ability of BM. Rodi was one of them. Although the caste system had fade away from Sri Lanka, there are number of people who are being supplied BM with the business purposes while a group of people are being demanded BM. The main objective of the study was to examine the reasons on Superstition on BM among people in Sri Lanka with special reference to southern province. Purposive sample of 10 BM centers were selected according to paper advertisement from Southern Province Sri Lanka and data were collected by using semi structured interviews and observation from randomly selected 100 clients of the BM centers. An explorative analysis was carried out by using books, e journals and internet as secondary data sources to gain relevant literature on BM. Family conflicts, politics, education and the problems of the work place had made frustrated. People used to get rid of their frustration by doing BM. They believe in revenge from the other party who feel jealous and don‘t want to see them happy. At the same time research revealed that people take salvation from the stress by doing BM. Although the education and wealth considered as the motive power of development and modernization it had not affect in usage of BM. These superstitions revealed that the human has gone back from the mind while going forward in physically. Selfishness and suspicions among people has been increased. Media, newspaper advertisements, Television shows, Dramas and Films plays a vital role in promoting BM. At the same time media could be recognize as a great source to spread awareness about the danger and harm of BM which is has been rooted in our society before becoming very important and obligatory.Item Study on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Dengue Fever in a Cohort of Advanced Level Students in Sri Lanka.(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Wijesooriya, L.I.; Hitige, D.G.; Herath, Y.B.; Sugandhi, R.A.I.; Siriwardana, S.R.Dengue is a leading healthcare challenge in Sri Lanka. In 2015, 29,777 dengue cases were reported and this increased by 85.2% (55150 cases) in 2016. Last 10 months of year 2017 reported 158854 suspected dengue cases. Of them, about 30% were children of 519 years. Schoolchildren of advanced level (A/L) (Grade-12&13) are influential and useful on dengue control activities in schools.Item The Genetic Origins and Molecular Characterization of Sickle Cell Disease in Sri Lanka.(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Darshana, L.G.T.; Manamperi, A.; Premawardhena, A.P.Sickle cell disease (SCD) is globally the commonest monogenic disease. Although the incidence is not as common as in India, it is found in Sri Lanka too. A recent hospital based survey identified around 60 patients in the country but no detailed study of SCD have been done to-date. The genetic origin of Haemoglobin (Hb) S found in Sri Lanka is not yet known.Item Knowledge and Practices towards Prevention of Dengue Fever in a Cohort of Advanced Level Students.(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Mathangasinghe, Y.; Jayasooriya, U.G.L.B.The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices towards Dengue fever (DF) of a group of Sri Lankan students. Materials and methods: This was a combined qualitative and quantitative study from June to July 2016. Students in the Advanced Level classes of a trilingual mixed school following different streams (Science, Mathematics, Arts, and Commerce) were enrolled using the cluster sampling method. A face-validated self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to collect data.