ICSS 2018
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/19402
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Item Role of State Feminism in Elimination of Gender Disparities: Study of Pakistan(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Dr.Nawaz, R.; Murtaza, S.H.Advocates of Neoliberalism contend for minimum state role in economic domains leaving the marginalized strata’s, classes and “second” gender (female) concerned. On the other hand, in tradition oriented societies state efforts to engineer social relations are contested by the custodians of tradition. In Neoliberal age women participation in public sphere is the need of time. Women entery in economic sphere makes them prone to workplace structural violence and multiple roles strain. Hence, an active state role to protect the weak, underdeveloped and deprived “Sex”, and to create equitable gender roles in both private and public aspects of life is required. The paper reflects on vital questions about state role from the perspective of gender. To what extent state can penetrate in lived experience of women beings to protect them in work and family spaces from male beings (Feminist theorists like Charlotte Hooper contest the universal notion of “human” and divides them into male and female beings based on their diverse experience as living beings as well as the conflicting interests they represent in day to day life. (Hooper, 2001)) and influence and transform the most personal levels of gender relations; in context that gender roles are guarded and protected by the custodians of tradition? The study is normative in content and methodology of qualitative analysis is employed to critically evaluate the impact of state legislative (Punjab Women Protection Laws 2014 and 2016 initiated by Punjab Commission on Status of Women (PCSW) reforms initiated by ‘Women Policy Agencies’ (national and provincial) on women lives. The technique of “Gap Analysis” is used to understand the gap between the intended and present scenarios. A core finding of the research is that Pakistani state is acting as custodian of women rights but state reforms are contested in society. State initiated reforms like empowerment bills (Women empowerment packages presented by Punjab government in 2012, 2014 and 2016) and packages have stirred the status quo of tradition and practical steps are taken to remove gender inequality in private as well as public sphere. Though the study concludes that equity between genders is still a perceived utopia but state feminist policies can be considered as first step towards the ideal.Item An Analysis of Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Northern Areas of Pakistan: A Case of Organic Farming Hunza Valley(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Murtaza, S.H.; Dr.Nawaz, R.The paper aims to seek the effects of tourism on biodiversity (Variety of plants and animals life in a particular habitat) of Northern Areas of Pakistan considered as visitor’s paradise filled with colors of nature. It is believed that tourism leads to economic growth of a specific region, with spillover effect on national economy. Tourist industry needs massive arrangements like housing, transportation and infrastructural development; with a negative bearing on environment in form deforestation, air pollution, water pollution, land erosion and other ecological losses. An obvious consequence of tourist movement is influx of consumer goods produced in industrial towns; that will act as catalyst for polluting environment in form of plastic, heavy metals (A metal of relatively high density) and CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons: hazardous materials for nature). Furthermore inclusion in net of national economy serves as a detriment of local small scale village based industries. The paper aims to analyze the impacts generated by a boom in tourist industry on natural, social and economic ecology of northern areas of Pakistan through SWOT analysis and suggest remedies to cure environmental degradation by establishing environment friendly local economies of Hunza Valley of Pakistan.Item China's Silk Road Diplomacy, OBOR, and its Impact on Pakistan(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Ratnaweera, K.H.B.O.This research comprises a study of the Chinese New Silk Road diplomacy, One Belt One Road, and its impact on Pakistan. The study focuses on analysing the controversial Chinese intentions which led China to implement China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, the pilot project of One Belt One Road under the Realist and Liberalist perspectives, and Sino-Pakistan relations. The research is heavily focused on identifying the impact of the project on socio-economic development of Pakistan as well as the threats and constraints that could possibly derail the positive implementation of the project. The research is a descriptive analysis comprised of the primary and secondary data from an array of sources taken from both governmental and nongovernmental publications. The flagship initiative of Chinese New Silk Road, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project constitute of construction of a network of railway and road infrastructures, fibre optics and energy pipelines along with the development of industrial zones, power plants and Gwadar port. According to the research findings, the potential impact of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor project will significantly lead to Pakistan’s socioeconomic development. It will contribute to reducing the energy dependency and infrastructure deficit which have disrupted the sustainable economic growth of the country. However, due to some loopholes such as terrorist activities, division among politicians, lack of policy coordination etc., the research indicates that the proper implementation of the CPEC project has been disrupted. Nevertheless, this volatile situation can be overcome through better policy planning and implementation, application of stringent security and financial measures, and raising the public awareness regarding the bilateral agreements to mitigate the dissatisfaction widely prevailing among the local community on the division of CPEC prospects