International Conference of the Shalakya Tantra – ‘Shalakya Sandipani’

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Regaining visual elds in a case of POAG: an integrative approach.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2015) Hemant, B.; Rajesh, P.; Preeti, A.
According to WHO, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness [12.3%] worldwide. Present available treatment options in allopathic medicine for glaucoma have very little encouraging results for neuro protection. This case report narrates a motivating experience in treating glaucoma with an integrative approach with Ayurved and modern Ophthalmology. A 42 year-old, married, non-smoking, non-alcoholic Asian female housewife presented with symptoms of dimness of vision in both eyes [LE>RE]and moderate headache. On examination, she had vision RE-6/36, LE-counting ngers, both eyes IOP before mydriasis on NCT was 18 mmHg, which was found to be raised to RE-25mmHg, LE-22mmHg after mydriasis. The anterior chambers of her both eyes were shallow, Fundus revealed bilateral glaucomatous cupping [RE-0.9:1, LE-0.7:1]. Patient had similar symptoms experienced in the past, for which she had taken modern medicinal treatment for short and at irregular intervals. She had undergone visual eld analysis and OCT of both eyes six years ago, stating bilateral glaucomatous advance changes. She had started local antiglaucoma eye drops with which the IOP came to near normal. [RE-18.9 mmHg, Le-14.6 mmHg] The patient was advised to take Ayurvedic treatment along with routine antiglaucoma medicines specially from systemic health and neuro protection point of view. She was also advised on systemic Shaman cikitsa and local treatments including Bidalaka, Shirotarpana, Anjan. She also underwent Basti cikitsa for 16 days. She responded well to this integrative line of treatment. Marked visual recovery was noted both on Snellen's chart as well as in eld analysis within 4 months after starting Ayurvedic treatment which sustained thereafter.
The effect of Chatur Sneha in the management of Netra roga.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Balasooriya, M.G.D.N.; Premarathna, W.G.L.U.; Muthugala, S.K.R.
The ve main sensations obtained from the sensory organs are the taste, fragrance, vision, sound, and touch. From these senses, the vision is very important and it is perceived by the eyes located in head region. Any disturbances to this area lead for the mismanagement of day to day activities. Mahasneha is widely used in the management of Urdhvajathrugatha roga because it has Snigdakaraka, Jeevana hita, Varnakaraka and Bala-pushti Vardhaka Guna. Grtha, Taila, Vasa and Majja are the four types of Mahasneha. The aim of this study was to nd out the mostly used drug and its qualities among Chatur Sneha in treating Netra Roga. This study was carried out as a literary review. The study consisted of two steps. Primary data were collected through Bruhattrayee, while secondary study was done to nd out the values and qualities of widely used Maha sneha and to understand the rationale behind Maha Sneha in the treatment of Netra Roga. Ayurveda and modern books and World Wide Web were used to collect secondary data. In Akshi Roga Cikitsa, according to Carakasamhita, there are 6 external applications using Grita. Vidalaka, Rasakriya and Anjana mentioned in Carakasamhita use Grita. According to Susruta Samhita there are 8 internal applications and 31 external applications in Chatur Sneha. Among internal applications Grita is included in 87% applications. Among external applications it is 80%; Anjana and 13% Ashchotana formulas of Ghee. According to Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita, Chatur Sneha is used in 22 external applications and 14 internal applications. Ghee is the main drug of over 80% external applications. Anjana (65%) and Tarpana (15%) are the major external applications which include ghee. Therefore, it can be concluded that, according to Brhattrayee, ghee is the mostly used Sneha among Chatur Sneha in treating Netra Roga internally and externally. Ghee possesses Yogavahi and Sanskara Anuvartana Guna and increases absorption efciency in lipid media.
Effect of Ayurvedic medicine in the management of Vartma Sharkara with special reference to conjunctival concretions.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Surangi, K.G.; Shamsa, F.
Vartma Sharkara is one of the Sannipataja Vartmagata Roga and is a curable disease by Lekhana Karma (scraping procedures). It can be correlated with “conjunctival concretion” which is a degenerative condition of the conjunctiva. Treatments are not essential if it is asymptomatic but if it gives symptoms, concretions should be removed by hypodermic needle which causes conjunctival damages and sometimes conjunctival inammation. Thus this study was designed to develop a successful, safe and sustainable line of treatment in the management of conjunctival concretion according to the principles of Ayurveda. The study was carried out as case studies with 10 patients at the eye OPD of NIA, Jaipur as per the exclusion and inclusion criteria. All the assessments were done with self-designed scoring system as before treatment, after treatment and after the follow up period. The line of treatment was mainly focused on Shodhana, Lekhana and Santarpana type of medicines. Hence Samudraphena Varti Pratisarana and Anjana, Thriphaladi Netra Parisheka and Ashwagandha–Shatavari powders were selected. The duration of trial depended upon the severity of the disease. The uniqueness of this therapy was that conjunctival concretion can be removed without causing any damage to the conjunctiva and without antibiotics being given. The number of times of Pratisarana depended on the severity of the disease. Those which were at the level of conjunctiva were managed by using Samudraphena Varti Anjana. Rasayana property was helpful for preventing recurrence. It can be concluded that Vartma Sharkara or conjunctival concretion can be successfully managed with Ayurvedic treatments without any adverse effects.
Management of Arma with Nayansukha Varti Anjan: a clinical study.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Patel, R.S.; Sisodiya, Y.K.; Firke, T.
Eyes are the most sensitive and vulnerable part of our body. Air born infection, UV rays, pollutants, dust and other particles can land directly on the surface of eye, causing eye disease. Arma is dened as gradually developing continuous wing like growth in Shukla Mandala from either Kaninika Sandhi (inner canthus) or Apang Sandhi (outer canthus) towards KrishnaMandala, causing discomfort in eye. Pterygium is found in people residing tropical and subtropical area. Risk factors include outdoor work, exposure to sunlight, dry and dusty climatic etc. Due to geographic and climatic conditions, Pterygium is a common ocular disorder in India. Ayurvedic science can be explored to nd a better alternative to manage this condition. Arma which is at early stage having thin membrane and curd like bluish/ red coloured and smoky should be treated with Lekhana Anjana and recurrent rate is very low after Anjana Kriyakalpa.Considering all these facts Nayansukha Varti Anjana was selected for Arma Chikitsa. In thepresent study, 10 patients of Arma were selected and administered Nayansukha Varti Anjana(Pradhan Karma) after Deepan-pachan and Nasya Karma (Poorva Karma) and ShamanaChikitsa with Triphala Churna. Nayansukha Varti Anjana have Lekhaniya and Rasayana property which is useful in Arma Chikitsa. A signicant relief was found in signs and symptomsof Arma after the treatment and no any adverse effects were found after treatment. Drugs used intreatment are easily available and cost effective.
Role of three Ayurveda regimen in the management of scaling condition of Sidhma Kushta (Psoriasis).
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Jayakody, J.A.D.P.P.; Seneviratna, N.A.K.P.J.; Akarawita, J.K.W.
Psoriasis, generally referred to as 'Potu Kabara' in Sri Lanka, corresponds with Sidhma Kushta in terms of a number of distinguished symptoms elaborated in Ayurveda classics. This study aimed at evaluating the efcacy of three Ayurveda regimen in the management of scaling condition of Sidhma Kushta. The study was carried out at the skin clinic of Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Yakkala, Sri Lanka. One hundred and ve patients were selected and randomly divided into three equal groups; A, B and C. All were given selected Ayurveda regimen as an internal mode of therapy while separate external applications viz. EA1 (Takradhara), EB2 (Takra Lepa) and EC3 (Raw herbals boil water) were given separately for each group for a period of three months. Healing effect was monitored by observing the clinical symptom of scaling. Data were collected by using PASI scale. Clinical outcomes were statistically analyzed using a non-parametric test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test and parametric tests such as ANOVA, Paired t-test, Pooled t-test. All the treatments given in three groups positively responded from the rst week for the symptom of scaling of the patient's head, upper limb, trunk and lower limb. (P-value 0.000 for each group). It can be concluded that all three treatments can be effectively used in the management of the symptom of scaling.
Efficacy of Lakshadi Lepa on controlling mild acne.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Saranga, R.G.S.
In the young age both girls and boys are mostly affected by acne. According to Ayurveda, young age can be described as Pitta Pramukha duration. Cosmetics and acne care treatments are invented every day, but most are not successful. Ayurveda treatments are developed on the basis of Tridosha concept. Acne develops due to blockage and inammation of pilosebaceous units. Lakshadi Lepa, mentioned in Ayurveda pharmacopeia is prescribed to cure the inammatory conditions. But it is still not prescribed to mild acne. Pathology that develops in acne is an inammation. A total of 40 patients between 12-25 years with mild acne on the face were selected. Testing group was treated with cleanser formula of Ayurveda, gentle soft massage with steam, and Lakshadi Lepa collected with bee honey and few drops of lemon juice. Lakshadi Lepa was produced with lac resin, Saussurea lappa root, Brassica nigra, Curcuma longa rhizome, Zingiber officinale rhizome, Piper nigrum seeds, Piper longum roots, Senna alata leaves. Preparation method of Lakshadi Lepa was not changed. The pack was kept for 40 minutes and removed by normal cool water. The same procedure was used in control group except the pack. Bee honey was applied as a pack to control group. Cleansing the face and applying the pack was repeated for seven days. After 3, 5 and 7 days, improvement was checked by skin analyzing instruments. Lakshadi Lepa effectively managed the mild acne within the rst day. After 3 days it was 20%, 5 days it was 50% and 7 days it was 80% and no inammatory lesions could be noted. It produces better results on papule of acne than on pustule. Therefore, to control acne in teenage, Lakshadi Lepa is more effective than other external treatments.
A case study of CRAO Sequel-Macular Oedema with ERM: an integrative treatment Approach.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Abhyankar, P.; Pawar, R.; Baviskar, H.
A female patient, 43, non-diabetic, non-hypertensive experienced RE-sudden loss of vision in May 2016. Her vision at that time was found to be RE-counting ngers, LE-6/5p, near vision with presbiopic correction +1.50D for RE-N36p, LE-N6. On examination, the patient was diagnosed as RE-Central retinal arterial occlusion with cherry red macular hemorrhage and retinal oedema. She was referred to vitreoretinal surgeon and on his recommendation, she was given LASER treatment after 2 days. She also underwent intravitreal [IV] injectables twice to reduce retinal oedema. With this treatment, her vision was improved to 6/12p, N10. But she had RE-oaters in vision as a new symptom; on examination RE fundus showed macular oedema and epiretinal membrane [ERM] involving partial macular area. The patient underwent OCT to determine severity of macular oedema and other structural pathology. As there was limited relief with IV injectables, she was advised to take Ayurvedic treatment for further improvement in vision and to get rid of other symptoms as an alternative and complementary treatment. The patient was advised only systemic Ayurvedic Shaman treatment and no local treatment was given. She was advised to take Ayurvedic medicines which included Chandraprabha Vati 250mg 2 tabs twice a day, Manjisthadi Vati 750mg 1 tab twice a day, Nimbamrutadi Vati 750mg 1 tab in the morning and 2 tabs at bed time, Amalaki Ghana Vati 250mg 1tab in the morning and 2 tabs at bed time, Gomootra Haritaki 150mg 2 tabs twice a day (All tabs with lukewarm water as Anupana) and Timir Ghrita 10ml bed time with lukewarm milk. This treatment continued from October 2016 to April 2017. With this treatment, her vision improved to 6/6p, N8 in March 2017.She was advised to continue same medicines along with addition of tab Vasanta Kusumakar 40mg at bed time and tab Yashtimadhu Ghana 250mg twice a day. Follow up was done in April 2017, where she had vision in RE 6/6, N6. Her fundus showed regression of ERM with decrease in macular oedema which was conrmed on OCT.
Scope and role of dietary and daily regimen in prevention of life style eye disorders: a literature study.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Rathnayaka, R.L.Y.U.; Vaghela, D.B.; Chudasama, K.
Ayurveda is a holistic healing science that emphasizes the importance of healthy lifestyle in preventing disease. Faulty lifestyle (diet and behavior) are major factors leading to many diseases. Smoking cigarette, tobacco, alcohol consumption, high fat and junk food, lack of exercise, chronic stress, prolong exposure to bright light, working in computer for long time etc. may also increase the risk of developing certain diseases, (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and kidney disease, cancer etc.) Vision is also affected; among them ocular disorders are more prevelant in modern era, like Age Related Macular Degeneration, Diabetic and Hypertensive Retinopathies, Computer Vision Syndrome, Dry Eye Syndrome and Infectious eye diseases. For preventing from this type of eye diseases as well as maintaining ocular health, wealth of details are found in various types of classical texts of Ayurveda. Among them Dinacharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), specic ocular therapies (Kriyakalpa) and various type of Chakshshya and Rasayana drugs, special types of Pathya Apathya Vidhi are useful to maintain ocular health and improve vision. Publicity of these techniques using appropriate media would benet the general population by giving more condence on Ayurveda practices, thus preventing from various types of lifestyle eye disorders. In the present study, daily regimen, Kriyakalpa, Pathyapthya, Chakshusya and Rasayana are described in detail.
Clinical efficacy of Ayurvedic management in digital eye strain and visual fatigue
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Sunita, V.M.
With the advancement of digital technology, many individuals suffer from physical eye discomfort, visual fatigue, dry eye after screen use for longer than two hours at a time. The Vision Council refers to this collection of symptoms as digital eye strain. The Vision Council's 2014 Digital Eye Strain Report suggests that nearly 70 percent of American adults experiences some form of digital eye strain due to prolonged use of electronic devices including desktop and laptop computers, smart phones, e-readers, television and videos. The study found that adults are most likely to experience digital eye strain in between 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. The number of people subjected to a signicant amounts of on-screen work with digital eye strain and visual fatigue is currently increasing. Improper use of sense organs, violating the moral code of conduct, and the effect of the time are the three basic causative factors. No remedial measures for the cure of this pathology prevail in the domain of modern medicine except using ocular surface lubricants and computer glasses in spite of remarkable progress and advances in the eld of modern ophthalmology. On the basis of critical analysis of the symptoms of Digital Eye Strain on tridosha theory of Ayurveda, it seems to be a Vata–Pittaja ocular cum systemic disease. Jeevantyadi Ghrita (orally), Jeevantyadi Ghrita Netra Tarpana (topically) and counseling regarding proper working conditions on computer were tried in 30 patients, suffering from Digital eye strain. In group I, where oral and local treatment was given, signicant improvement in all the symptoms of Digital eye strain was observed whereas in groups II and III local treatment and counseling regarding proper working conditions, respectively, were given and showed insignicant results. The study veried the hypothesis that Digital Eye Strain from Ayurvedic perspective is a Vata- Pittaja disease affecting mainly eyes and body as a whole and needs a systemic intervention rather than topical ocular medication only.
A clinical study on Ayurvedic management of Keratoconus.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Manjusree, S.; Namboothirif, N.P.P.; Sreekanth, N.P.
Keratoconus is corneal disorder in which there is a progressive thinning of the central part leading to conical protrusion and thereby uncorrected visual error, usually found in second and third decade. In a population based on cohort analysis, the Central India Eye and Medical Study reported the prevalence of Keratoconus in central India to be 1.4%. The contemporary science advocates power glasses, contact lenses, corneal implants, corneal collagen crosslinking with riboavin (C3R), Laser assisted surgeries and Keratoplasty in Keratoconus. It is difcult to nd out an exact reference about Keratoconus condition from classical texts of Ayurveda. In Ayurveda, the clinical features related to visual disturbances are seen only in Drushtigata Rogas. Hence, all cases of visual disturbances can be correlated under the broad heading of the Timira – Kacha – Linganasha complex. Open labeled, observational, 28-week study using selected Ayurvedic medicines and therapies was conducted on 30 subjects with the diagnosis of early or advanced Keratoconus, who were between ages of 18 to 45 years, : 28 weeks IPD/OPD trial with 3 In-patient visits and 3 telephonic visits. The in-patient treatment duration for each patient was 14 days (± 3 days), which included treatments like Nasyam, Sekam, Anjanam, Aschyotanam, Tharpanam, Sirodhara / Sirovasthy, Pichu and Nethra Bandhana. The study was conducted using black box design,: the study did not focus on assessment of any therapeutic protocol in specic, but the treatment principles of the entire Ayurvedic system in treatment of Keratoconus. The subjects who satised the selection criteria entered into the study and received treatment for 24 weeks followed by End of Study visit and a 4-week follow up visit. The duration of the study for each subject was approximately 7 months (28 weeks). All statistical tests were two-sided with a signicance level of = 0.05. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics (number of subjects [n], mean, standard deviation [SD]) for continuous variables, and using frequency and percentage (i.e., number and proportion of subjects – n, %) for discrete/categorical variables, unless specied otherwise. Paired sample t-test was used to assess the outcome of the trial. LogMAR was used to convert visual acuity observed using Snellen's Chart to reach decimal values. KISA% was used to assess the changes in topography from baseline to end of treatment. The study showed clinically and statistically signicant changes in Corneal Topography, Visual Acuity and Refraction. Visual acuity showed a 7.3% improvement (p<0.05) and refraction showed a reduction of 10% (p<0.05 KISA% showed a reduction of 14.6% (p<0.05).
Utility of Dhooma preparations in the treatment of Nāsa Roga in indigenous medicine in Sri Lanka.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Pathirana, K.P.M.P.; Jayasinghe, J.M.P.R.K.
There are medicinal preparations used as Dhooma in the treatment of Nāsa Roga according to classical texts. The aim of this study was to analyze the availability of herbal and mineral ingredients used to prepare Dhooma and to evaluate their usages for Nāsa Roga. This was a literature based study and the primary data were collected through indigenous classical texts such as Sārārtha Sangraha, Yogārnava, Yogarathnākara, Varayogasāra, Sārasankshepa and Bhaisajamanjusha. Collected data were comparatively analyzed and demonstrated to identify the availability of different types of ingredients and commonest ingredients in selected formulas. According to data, 16 Dhooma formulas were identied. 07 formulas have been mentioned in Sārartha Sangraha, 05 in Yogarathnakara, 03 in Yogārnava and 01 in Varayogasāra. These formulas are used as Choorna, Pottali and Veti preparations. (13 formulas are Choornas) 48 ingredients were identied in Dhooma. Inguru, Gammiris, Tippili, Walangasahal, Gugul, Perunkayam, Wadakaha, Kaluduru, Sudulunu, Manosheela, Hingula, Gendagam and Sīnakkaram are the commonest ingredients found in these formulas. These preparations can be categorized according to different types of Nāsa Roga. 06 preparations are used for Prathishya, 05 for Pinasa and 02 for Nāsa Srāwa; Puyarakkta, Kshawathu, Bransha, Deepthanasikya 01 for each. Considering the Panchapadārtha of mostly used ingredients, 100% of dravya contain Katurasa and 61% contain Tiktarasa. Katu and Tikta perform Vatavruddhi and Kaphakshaya. The properties are 92% Laghu and 69% Tikshna. Laghu increases Vāta, reduces the thickness of Kapha. Tikshna helps in excreting vitiated Kapha. Ushna Veerya contains 92% of ingredients that help in Vātānulomana and Kaphanissarana. It also helps in reducing the thickness of Kapha. 84% of ingredients contain Katuvipaka and helps in increasing Vāta. According to the available data, Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka of the ingredients used in Dhooma help to reduce the thickness of vitiated Kapha and they are excreted by the increased Vātadosha.
The importance of Dinacharya as a preventive measure for Urdhvajathrugata Roga according to Carakasamhitha.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Premarathna, W.G.L.U.; Balasooriya, M.G.D.N.; Muthugala, S.K.R.
“Swasthasya Swasthya Rakshanam” is an important aspect of Ayurveda. “Swasthya” means the person who has balance with Dosha, Agni, Dhatu, Mala, Atma, Indriya and Manas. Any imbalance leads to manifestation of diseases. Urdhvajathrugata diseases caused due to occupation are common for head and neck region. Matrashitiya Adhyaya carrying Swasthya Rakshanam Vidhi is included in Caraka Sutrastana. Anjana, Dhuma Pana, Danta Dhawana, Nasya, Gandusha Dharana, Karna Purana, Abhyanga, Shirsha thaila Abhyanga are some of the preventive measures mentioned in Matrashitiya Adhyaya. There is a direct link between these methods and Urdhvajathrugata diseases. The aim of this study was to study the importance of following Dinacharya as a preventive measure for Urdhvajathrugata Roga. This study was a literary review which was carried out under several steps. Firstly, Carakasamhita was referred to study the Dinacharya mentioned in classics. Secondly, each Dinacharya Vidhi was studied one by one by referring to Ayurveda texts. Anjana, Pada Abhyanga, Vahan Dharana contribute to improve the eye sight. The relation between how Pada Abhyanga and Vahan Dharana help to improve eye sight can be explained in terms of reexology. Gandusha Dharana, Danta Dhawana, Tambula Bhakshana contribute to improve the oral health. Nasya and Dhuma Pana helps to prevent from nasal diseases and head diseases. Shirsha Taila Abhyanga also helps to prevent from Shiro Roga. To prevent from ear diseases Karna Purana is essential. Chathra Dharana contributes to combat diseases such as Abhishyanda, Peenasa and Pratishya. Snanaya is effective for general health and Mala Dharana and Nirmal Vastra Dharana for mental health. Karna Abharana indirectly helps to improve eye sight. Thus Dinacharya is very useful in preventing from Urdhvajathrugata Roga.
Potency of Kalludaikudori Maththirai, a herbo mineral Siddha formulation in the management of Kalladaippu Noi (Urolithiasis): a drug review
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Janani, S.; Niruba, K.
Siddha medicine is one of the oldest medical systems in the world. Siddha system is the science which takes human and nature as part of closed system. Siddha insists on leading a healthy life both physically and mentally by keeping pace with the laws of nature. Siddhas have classied 4448 diseases, based on the three humoral pathologies. Among them Kalladaippu Noi is classied under Neerinai Aukkal Noigal. According to Siddha dietary factors play a vital role in the formation of Kalladaippu Noi. Also Pitta humor is said to be the major causative factor of this disease. Many formulations are indicated for Kalladaippu Noi in Siddha literature. Kalludaikudori Maththirai is a herbo mineral drug indicated for Kalladaippu Noi. Kalludaikudori Maththirai is used to remove the urinary stones from the urinary pathway. It contains four ingredients; puried Rasam (Mercury), puried Kanthakam (Sulphur), Vellai Saaranai (Boerhavia diffusa) and Sirupeelai (Aerva lanata). The aim of the study was to review the existing Siddha herbomineral formulation, 􀀂Kalludaikudori Maththirai'' with evidence from the text 'Siddha Vaidya Thiraddu''. The data were obtained from research articles and the globally accepted website such as PubMed, Medline, and Meddler. According to the pharmacological studies, the ingredients are very effective for anti-urolithiasis (Lithotriptic), diuretic and anti-inammatory activities. According to Siddha literature, the main ingredients of Kalludaikudori Maththirai consist of the action for elimination of vitiated Pittam. This review is an initial step towards, scientically analyzing 􀀂 Kalludaikudori Maththirai” in the management of Kalladaippu Noi.
Study of acute and 28 days repeated oral toxicity of Siddha formulae Seenthilchooranam in Wistar albino rat.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Ushakanthan, S.; Visweswaran, S.; Sivakkumar, S.; Mariyappan, A.; Banumathi, V.
Seenthil Chooranam is one of the traditional Siddha formulae used in various kinds of diseases in Siddha system of medicine. The test drug Seenthil Chooranam (Chooranam-one of the 32 types of internal medicine), mentioned in classical Siddha text Agasthiyar Paripuranam – 400, is used for Megam (diabetic mellitus), Eelai (tuberculosis), Kasam (cough), Elaipu (bronchial asthma),Erandavayu (scrotal swelling). The ingredients of this formulae include Seenthil (Tinosporacordifolia), Karisalai (Eclipta Alba), and Earthworm (Eudriluseugeniae). The present studyaimed at evaluating the safety of Seenthil Chooranam as per OECD Guidelines 423,407. This study focused on acute and repeated dose 28 days oral toxicity studies in wistar albino rat. In acute study, Seenthil Chooranam was administered orally at the dose of 2000mg/kg. b.w and animals were observed for toxic signs for a period of 14 days. In repeated dose 28 days oraltoxicity study, Seenthil Chooranam was administered at the dose of 900mg and 1800mg/kg b.w.Mortality, toxic signs, body weight, food and water consumption, haematological, plasma biochemical parameters, gross necropsy, relative organ weights and histopathology were assessed. The results of these studies revealed that the drug Seenthil Chooranam did not produce any death at the dose of 2000mg/kg body weight. The LD value is greater than 2000mg/kg body 50weight. Repeated dose 28 days oral toxicity study was observed without any abnormalities and No-Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) was noted. It conrms the safety of the drug which proved its utility in long term administration without any harm to the human being.
Management of retinal diseases in Ayurveda.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Sreekumar, K.
Retina, one of the most sophisticated nervous tissues, which receives blood circulation from the duel system central retinal artery and choriocapilleries are prone to many systemic as well as local diseases. The diseases manifesting in the retina mainly include those of congenital, vascular, degenerative and inammatory. Many of the systemic diseases like diabetes, hypertension and viral diseases also lead to retinal complications. In Ayurveda, retina can be considered as the seat of Alochaka Pitta which performs its function with the help of Pranavayu and Tarpaka Kapha. So the harmonies of all these Tridoshas are essential to manage the retinal pathologies. Even though these Doshas are located in retina, the main base (Vishesha Sthana of Doshas) is not retina. In order to tackle the deep seated pathology, the Moolasthana Chikitsa of these Doshas should be performed. In Ayurveda, in terms of the visual disturbances, eld defects and pathophysiology, many of the retinal diseases can be included under the twelve types of Drishtigata Rogas. As there is no common line of management for these types of diseases in Ayurveda, an attempt has been made to explain the management of retinal diseases treated as per Ayurvedic principles. In addition to Snehapana, Virechana, Nasya and Netra Kriyakalpas, the treatment modalities like Ksheerabasthi, Yogabasthi, Rakthamokshana, Shirolepa and Moordha Tailas are also essential to manage these retinal pathologies. In diseases like proliferative diabetic retinopathy, Ksheeraseka and Ksheerabasthi are highly useful while in macular degenerations, the role of Yogabasthi and Shirobasthi is benecial to manage the underline pathology.
Review of Chakshushya Aahar Dravya
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Virkar, C.; Virkar, S.
Changes in life style and dietary habits have resulted in many eye disorders in the present era. Hence preservation of ocular health and prevention of ocular disorders have become essential. As per Ayurveda, Aahar (diet) is considered in Trayopstambha, which is necessary for restoration of life. Aahar Rasa nourishes all Dhatus. Hence proper diet is a key factor for healthy Dhatu, Indriya (including Chakshurendriya) and body. In Ayurvedic texts, while describing causes of eye diseases, importance has been given to dietary factors. Chakshushya Dravya possesses the capacity to protect, restore and regenerate eyesight. Aahar Dravya are substances which can be included in daily food. In Ayurvedic literature, Aahar Dravya are classied in a detailed manner e.g. Shuk, Shimbi, Shaka, Phala Varga etc. Useful diet for eyes is also described as Chakshushya, Netrahitkar, and Netraroghar. Generally, green vegetables, carrots, papaya, sprouts are considered as healthy foods for eyes. But according to Ayurveda, all leafy vegetables are Achakshusya except Sakapanchaka. Also, sprouts (Virudhak) are not benecial for eyes. Fruits other than papaya mentioned in Ayurvedic texts are benecial to eyes. In this paper, information of Chakshushya Aahar Dravya described in Ayurvedic literature is reviewed. Further new researches on composition, pharmacological actions of these Dravya available in online sources have been reviewed. An Attempt has been made to compare our ancient knowledge with that of present era.
Healing effects of Sri Lankan traditional and Ayurvedic medicine in shaft of humorous fractures with non-union state: a case report.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Attanayake, A.M.H.S.; De Silva, U.M.G.D.; Jayaweera, J.A.A.S.
In Ayurveda, Sushruta Samhita describes Bhagna Chikitsa (treatments for fractures). Sri Lanka has a well-established traditional orthopedic treatment system (Kedum Bindum Vedakama).Shaft of humerus fractures are common over middle one-third. It is common in adults as well as in children. A 14 year-old child was subjected to a compound fracture over shaft of humorous. Three months following allopathic treatment, he was presented to Ayurveda for further management. At the beginning, fracture was aligned and immobilized using “k” wire (mode of internal xation) over three weeks and it was removed. The patient presented with an external wound with wasting of forearm and restricted movements of elbow, wrist and ngers. Anteroposterior(AP) and lateral (L) views of the X-ray reports showed non-union of the bones. Total duration of the treatment was 6 months. Initially, all non-united bone fragments were immobilized for 6 months using bamboo splints. Prior to applying the two splints over lateral and medial sides of the arm, herbal oils of Seethodaka, Pinda, Narayana and herbal paste ofKatakala were applied. Subsequently, up to 6 months, motor, sensory function assessment and quality of life assessment with quality of life of the international osteoporosis foundation(QLIOF) were done following Ayurveda treatment. Initial power of wrist and ngers was grade 1and at the end of 6-month it improved to grade 5. The difference in the QLIOF scores was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. There was a signicant (p<0.05) difference between the pre-treatment (14) and post-treatment (59) QLIOF scores. The evidence of AP and L views of the X-ray showed complete heal of the fracture. A study with a larger population is proposed to assess the efcacy of the given Ayurveda treatment protocol.
A clinical study on the efcacy of Yashtimadhu Ghrita Karnapooran in the management of Pittaja Karnashoola with special reference to Otitis Externa
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Jayawant, K.; Anjali, N.U.; Shardha, S.
Karnashoola is one of the common problems identied in majority of patients in clinical settings. In modern medical science, quite effective and wide range of antibiotics and analgesics are available. These modern treatment modalities for earache are expensive and not free from side effects. Prevalence of this disease is 10-29% in India. Recurrence is also observed in 15% subjects (American academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery foundation – 2006). Considering all these points, there is need for search of a safe drug. Pittaja Karnashoola Vvyadhi can be correlated with otitis externa. A lot of treatment modalities are explained by Acharyas for this disease according to the condition of the patient and progression of disease. However, no work has been undertaken so far on Pittaja Karnashoola. In this study, easily available and economically less expensive Yashtimadhu Ghrita was used in Pittaja Karnashoola, described by Sushruta. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efcacy of Yashtimadhu Ghrita Karnapooran in the management of Pittaja Karnashoola. 70 patients clinically diagnosed were randomly selected from OPD and IPD of Shlakyatantra Department. The raw drug was collected from genuine source and Yashtimadhu Ghrita was prepared according to the standard method. Authentication and standardization was done using pharmacological and physiochemical procedures. Patient selection was done on the basis of signs and symptoms of Pittaja Karnashoola described as per Ayurvedic and modern medical science. A non-parametric test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, was used for intra-group comparison (before and after treatment of a group) to test the signicance of therapy. The level of signicance was kept at 0.05. Out of 70 patients 31 patients (44.29%) completely cured, 15 patients (21.43%) showed marked improvement, 16 patients (22.86%) moderate improvement and 8 patients (11.43%) were with mild improvement. According to the results, it can be concluded that Yashtimadhu Ghrita Karnapooran is signicantly effective in the management of Pittaja Karnashoola.
The effect of Suthra Nethi Karma on “Migraine”.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Fernando, W.S.N.; Wickramarachchi, L.
Migraine is now recognized as a common chronic condition. Migraine usually presents before the age of 40. The cause of migraine is not yet completely understood. Many medications have been tried and a lot of research has been undertaken. Migraine is described as “Ardhavebhedaka”in Ayurveda classics. It is dened as “Ardha Mastak Vedana”. One of the six Shadhkarma is“Nethi Karma” and Suthra Nethi Karma is one of the Nethi Karma. It cleanses the cranium and bestows clairvoyance and exert a profound physiological effect on the body, mind and personality. The purpose of this review was to study the effect of Suthra Nethi Karma in the management of migraine. Conceptual study was done using Ayurveda and various Yoga texts. According to Ayurveda Ardhavabhedaka affects half part of the head and causes different types of pain for a short duration and recur in 3-5-10-15-30 days (interrupted pain) and is associated with vertigo. This Shodhana Karma acts on the physical level irrigation of the nasal mucosa and removes accumulated mucus from the nostrils, associated passages and sinuses allowing air to ow without obstruction. It releases emotional tension and promotes a balance between the left and right nostrils and consequently the right and left hemispheres of the brain. This induces a state of harmony and balance throughout the entire central nervous system and other systems. This also induces a reversal in the ow of the nerve impulses to and from the brain bringing out stimulation and awakening of the brain centers. It can be concluded that Suthra Nethi Karma is ahead purication technique and is effective in the management of migraine.
Series of case studies on the efficacy of traditional treatment modality in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
(Department of Shalya Shalakya,Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka, 2017) Pramodani, M.P.N.; Wickramarachchi, W.J.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome or median neuropathy at the wrist is a disabling condition present in3.8% of the general population. The condition is characterized by the compression of median nerve at the wrist leading to paresthesia, numbness, pain and muscle weakness in the hand. Treatment in allopathic medicine includes the use of anti-inammatory drugs, diuretics and surgery which may lead to persistence of symptoms for prolonged period or the recurrence of the symptoms. Therefore, it requires some therapy which can cure the syndrome with minimum intervention; Ayurvedic principles and management play a vital role in the treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Thirty patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome were selected randomly irrespective of their age, gender, chronicity, occupation etc. and treated with Nikadi TailaAbhyanga, Nikadi Patra Pottali Sweda followed by application of Siyabaladi Lepa mentioned in traditional medicine, daily for a period of one month. The assessment was carried out on the basis of relief found in the cardinal signs and symptoms of the disease adopting Likert scale, depending upon their severity. The clinical trial showed remarkable reduction of pain, numbness and tingling sensation which were found to have p value of < 0.05 which was statistically signicant. Therefore, it can be concluded that the selected treatment modality is effective and safe in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.