Symposia & Conferences
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Item Effectiveness of the Use of Dialects in Literary Translation (With Special Reference to the Sinhalese Translation of Earnest Hemingway's "Old Man and the Sea")(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Shavoni, D.P.N.; de Alwis, K.K.L.Dialects play an indispensable role in an effective translation. A dialect is a form of a language unique to a particular region or a social group. These social dialects spawn according to the social boundaries like profession ethnicity, race, religion or even gender and age, whereas regional dialects occur in relation to the physical barriers like geographical boundaries. In Sri Lanka several regional and social dialects are found to be in existence. Being an island, Sri Lankan coastal communities withhold a unique form of fishermen dialect based upon their lifestyle in the coastal areas. To present a successful literary translation to the readership it is a necessary skill for any translator to have knowledge of the cultural background of both SL and TL. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of using such knowledge of fishermen dialect in Sri Lanka with reference to the Sinhalese translation of Ernest Hemingway's "Old Man and the Sea". The terms related to the fishery industry were selected and analysed by comparing them to the terms in the original text. It was found that the use of fishermen dialect has contributed towards giving an authentic reading to the target readership. Further, this translation proved to be rather a remake of the original text than a word to word translation. Therefore, translators need an indepth knowledge of the cultural elements in both SL and TL. An understanding about dialects and their effective use will therefore be of utmost importance to the success of a literary translation.Item A Comparative Study on the Novel "Giraya" by Punyakante Wijenaike and its Sinhalese Translation by Ceryl C. Perera(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dissanayake, R.; Gunasinghe, M.P.D.Translation is the process of reproducing the source text in another language. Translations can be mainly categorised as technical and non-technical translations. The Translation of literary texts which belong to the category of non-technical translations, are basically identified as a challenging task mainly because of the difficulties in handling the language. Mostly, these issues arise when translating a text which belongs to a different cultural context. Translating the cultural terms is indeed a challenging task. Nonetheless, if the translation is done in the very same context of the source text, the task of the translator becomes much easier. The aim of the study is to analyse the way that language has been used in the two texts Giraya by Punyakanthe wijenaike and its translation by Cyril C. Perera. Data were collected from the two books Giraya and its translation. Here, the author of the source text has used the original cultural terms which appear in Sinhalese, without translating them into English. Thus, translating the particular source text is easier as the cultural background, cultural terms and the characters belong to the same local context of the target language. Though the translators encounter several complications due to both language and cultural barriers, translations within the same cultural context are less intricate than translations within two different backgrounds.Item Presenting Sinhalese Cultural Words in English: A Study Based on Leonard Woolfs "The Village in the Jungle"(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Darshika, K.M.H.; Uthurawala, D.W.The students of literary translation as well as the writers who are interested in writing about alien cultures in their native language, encounter problems in presenting cultural words of that particular community. As the elements in one culture might be absent in another culture, cultural words in one language might not be in another language as well. The aim of this study is to ascertain the methodology used by Leonard Woolf in his novel, "The Village in the Jungle" in replacing the cultural terms appeared in Sinhalese into English. In order to collect data, ten cultural words from the text have been selected and was observed the way that these terms have been presented and explained. The findings highlight the way how Leonard Woolf has employed several methods to present the terms in his novel that are unique to Sinhalese. Among them, inserting the Sinhalese pronunciation in English letters in the paragraph and explaining the meaning of the particular term in the paragraph itself or at the bottom of the page using footnotes are prominent. Apart from that, applying Sinhalese terms in English alphabet, without any explanation was also observed. In conclusion, this research will guide the students of literary translation and the authors who are interested in writing unfamiliar culture related texts in their own mother tongue, to understand the methods of translating and presenting cultural words, to be used in their future writings.Item The Difficulties Encountered in Literary Translation and the Possible Solutions(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Jayasinghe, D.G.T.A.This study focuses the attention on the difficulties encountered in literary translation and the ways of overcoming them in producing an effective translation. Accordingly, the difficulties that a translator may encounter are as follows: translating cultural words, similes, metaphors, taboos, idioms, phrases and proverbs, using dialogues according to characters and context, protecting the meaning, rhythm and format in poetry translation, conveying the idea using limited number of words in poetry translation, translating feelings and underlying meanings in drama and poetry translations. Data analysis is done with a qualitative approach using comparative methodology. Thus, the following solutions could be used in overcoming the difficulties such as: translating culture while making the reader understand the meanings of the cultural words, not harming the source culture and avoiding culture shocks when translating taboos, using foot notes where necessary, using equivalents if there are any, if not use a word, idiom, phrase, proverb that give the same meaning, using dialogues, descriptions, writing style according to the context, characters etc, using the theory of omission and addition where necessary. Thus the translator could overcome the difficulties by using aforesaid solutions in dealing with a literary translation.Item A Linguistic Study on the Japanese Translation of “Viragaya”(Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Dayarathne, P.N.N.D.This research discusses the possible cultural influences on translation with special reference to the cultural words found in Professor Tadash Noguchi‟s Japanese translation of the Sinhalese novel “Viragaya” by Martin Wickramasinghe. The aim of this research is to find out how the culture influences translation and how the problems created by cultural words in translation can be solved using the appropriate strategies which suite both surface and contextual meaning of the particular cultural word. The cultural data related to the cultural words from the original text and its translation was categorised according to several sub topics such as religious terms, units of measuring, foods and beverages, clothing items, proper nouns etc. The categorised data was analysed based on the translation strategies used by the translator. The data analysis proved that the cultural words which appear in SL text have been greatly influenced by the Theravada Buddhism where the translator sometimes have found it difficult to translate the concepts to the TL as most of the TL readers are from Mahayana background. Moreover, the translator had to face problems in translating beliefs, traditions and customs appearing in the SL text as they are totally different from that of the target culture. To overcome the aroused problems regarding the cultural words translation, the translator has used three main strategies as; borrowing the words from SL, use of cultural equivalent and creation. This research points out that a literary translator should have sufficient knowledge in both source language and target language along with their respective cultures, aiming a more successful translation which paves the path to the TL readers to touch an untouched culture smoothly.