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    The influence of Mahāyāna Buddhism in Shan (Tai)
    (International Conference on Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, 2018 Department of Sanskrit and Eastern Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Rev. Agganyana
    Mahāyāna Buddhism is one of the two dominant sects' of Buddhism. Sometimes, it is called Northern tradition, as it is mobilized in Tibet, China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Historically, Mahāyāna Buddhism was introduced to Chana in the first century A.D. In the earlier of seventh century A.D, as the consequences of Chinese influences, some parts of Shan State were converted to Mahāyāna Buddhism. In addition, Shan historical recorded, the flourishing of Mahāyāna Buddhism in Shan was beginning from seventh century A.D, to tenth century A.D. However, some scholars argued that the Theravada Buddhism was first in traduced to Shan. Traditionally, it is belief that Theravada Buddhism was introduced to lower Myanmar to Mon State (Suvaṇṇahūmi) and was brought to Pagan lower Myanmar by King Anawratha at the eleventh century A.D. Geologically, at that time Shan was dominant the basin of the upper Myanmar up to Dali, Yunna, where present in China. According to Burmese’s historical record, the influence of Mahāyāna Buddhism in Pagan was ended by the reign of King Anaratha, as he introduced new Theravada tradition from Mon State. It made sense to prove that Mahāyāna Buddhism was firstly influence in Shan and even some part of lower Myanmar. Evidence was Sanskrit inscription which found in Rakhine State. The purpose of this paper, the researcher attempts to prove that the influence of Northern Buddhism was earlier then Theravada tradition with refer to history, archaeology, and traditional belief. The research problem is to point out the reasons of why Mahāyāna Buddhism could not exist longer, and non-remaining of Mahāyāna texts in Shan. In the end, this research paper will be concluded that Mahāyāna Buddhism was influence in Shan from China and end in the tenth century A.D. up to present
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    The Impact of Tamil Lexicon on the Sinhalese Language
    (Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Bandara, H.M.S.M.; Pathmasiri, P.S.S.; de Silva, Y.G.H.S.
    Sinhalese and Tamillanguages are used as official languages in Sri Lanka. It is apparent that both these languages have had a great amount of influence on each other. Linguistics borrowing into both languages can be identified as a phoneme for this constant influence. This research discusses the usage ofTamilloan words in Sinhalese language. Data were compiled by observing the speech of Sinhalese native speakers and written documents. According to the findings of this study, it was found out that some of these Tamil loan words have replaced their corresponding Sinhalese words. Further, it is pointed out that in addition to be borrowed, some Tamil words have come to Sinhalese as derived words. According to it is discovered that a great number of Tamil borrowings are used in the Sinhalese language and their origin may not be apparent.
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    The Brahmins: A Study on the Traditional Elite in Jaffna with Reference to their Dialect
    (Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Sivapathasuntharam, A.
    The Brahmins, originally those who are priests are considered the highest Hindu caste. The Brahmins consist of nearly 1% of the population in the Jaffna Peninsula. Most of the Brahmins in Jaffna are the descendants of those who have migrated to Jaffna after the Hindu revival which took place during the19th century which was triggered by Srilasri Arumuganavalar. All the Brahmins are Hindus and are attached to temples either as priests or as assistants. The Brahmins wear the sacred thread. They are also strictly vegetarian. The Brahmin community significantly differs from the others in their life style. They have special rituals connected to their day to day life. :"Santhiyavanthanam" "Upanayanam" etc. The artisans maintain a close connection with India. This cast performs several essential religious duties for the Hindu population in Jaffna and their existence is inseparably interwoven with the other casts. There are two kinds of dialects used by the Sri Lankan Tamils: Regional dialect and Socio dialect. The Socio dialect is influenced by the cast system .This research explores the special features visible in the socio dialect used by the Brahmins. It will further focus on demonstrating how the Brahmin rituals and practices vary from those of other casts and how they are able to maintain the artisan identity in Sri Lanka. Further, The effects of Brahmin caste on their socio dialect will be analysed through the study. In conducting this research the technique of participation and observation, interviews and further, the discussions were used as the methodology.