Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item Re: Anaemia and iron deficiency in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in a Teaching Hospital in Southern Sri Lanka(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2017) Mettananda, S.; de Silva, D.G.H.No Abstract AvailableItem Anaemia in children: are we using the correct prevention strategies?(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2017) Mettananda, S.; de Silva, D.G.H.Item A study on adolescent sexual & violent behaviour, drugs & alcohol abuse and its relationship to the past experiences(Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya & Plan International, 2008) Mettananda, D.S.G.; de Silva, D.G.H.; Jayasinghe, Y.C.; Waduge, T.R.W.; Pathmeswaran, A.; Abeysinghe, A.P.S.D.Item Causes for recurrent abdominal pain in children and adolescents: a classification according to rome ii criteria(Sri Lanka College of Paediatricians, 2007) Devanarayana, N.M.; de Silva, D.G.H.; de Silva, H.J.BACKGROUND: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) among children and adolescents is defined as "at least three bouts of abdominal pain, severe enough to affect activities, over a period of not less than 3 months". RAP has multifactorial aetiology with many affected children having no evidence of organic pathology. The ROME II criteria for 'childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders' classify non-organic RAP into five main categories: functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), abdominal migraine, aerophagia and functional abdominal pain. OBJECTIVES: To identify the causes of RAP in Sri Lankan children. To classify non-organic RAP using ROME II criteria. DESIGN, SETTING AND METHOD: The children identified as having RAP during a school survey were recruited and screened for organic diseases using history, examination, stool microscopy and culture, full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and abdominal radiograph. Other investigations, performed based on clinical evidence, included serum amylase, renal and liver function tests, abdominal ultrasound and gastrointestinal endoscopy. RAP was defined according to Apley criteria. Children without clinical or laboratory evidence of organic diseases were classified using ROME II criteria. RESULTS: Fifty five children with RAP were investigated [25(45.5%) males, aged 5-15 years {mean 8.1 years, SD3.1 years)]. Thirteen (23.6%) had organic RAP (constipation 7, urinary tract infection 2, urinary calculi 1, gastro-oesophageal reflux I, antral gastritis and duodenitis I, and intestinal amoebiasis 1) and 42 (76.4%) had no organic disease. Thirty three (60%) could be classified according to ROME II criteria [functional abdominal pain 13, IBS 9, FD 9, abdominal migraine l,aerophagia I]. Nine (16.4%) did not fall into any of the above categories. CONCLUSIONS: The majority (60%) of children with RAP had functional bowel disease, which can be classified using ROME II criteria. • Organic pathology accounted for symptoms in less than 25% of patients.Item Association between recurrent abdominal pain in sri lankan school children and exposure to stressful life events(Sri Lanka College of Paediatricians, 2007) Devanarayana, N.M.; de Silva, D.G.H.BACKGROUND: Approximately one tenth of school children around the world suffer from recurrent abdominal pain (RAP). It is found to be significantly higher among children exposed to emotional stress. Patients can sometimes date the onset of pain to a specific stressful event, such as change of school, birth of a sibling or separation of parents. OBJECTIVE: To study the association between RAP and exposure to stressful life events in Sri Lankan school children. DESIGN, SELLING AND METHOD: The study was across-sectional survey among a randomly selected group of school children in the Gampaha District of Sri Lanka. Information regarding demographic features and exposure to stressful events was obtained using a parental questionnaire. Diagnosis of RAP was done using Apley criteria: "at least three bouts of abdominal pain, severe enough to affect activities, over a period of not less than three months". RESULTS: Eight hundred and ten questionnaires were distributed and 734 (90.6%) were returned [342 (46.6%) males, age range 5-15 years (mean 10.5 years, SD 2.7 years)]. Seventy seven (10.5%) had RAP (9.6% in males, 11.2% in females) and 657 children without RAP served as controls. Fifty five (71.4%) with RAP were exposed to stressful events compared to 274 fe.7%) controls (P<0.0001). After univariate analysis following stressful events were significantly higher in children with RAP compared to controls: change of school, being bullied at school, change in address, severe illness in a close family member, frequent punishment by parents, divorce or separation of parents and domestic fights (p<0.01). Sibling rivalry, monthly income, father's alcoholism and maternal employment were not associated with the condition (p>0.05) CONCLUSIONS: RAP was significantly high among Sri Lankan school children who were exposed to stressful life events. Several family and school related stressful events were associated with the condition.Item Recurrent abdominal pain among children: its role in school performance(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2006) Devanarayana, N.M.; de Silva, D.G.H.; de Silva, H.J.OBJECTIVES: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a common problem among school children. The majority of affected children do not attend school regularly. It is believed to be common among high academic achievers but available data has failed to show such an association. Our main objective was to detect the association between RAP and school performance in Sri Lankan children. METHOD: This was a cross sectional survey. Questionnaires were distributed to a randomly selected group of school children attending year 1 to 9. Questionnaires were filled by parents and returned by post. Details regarding the child's academic performance were obtained from school records. RAP was defined according to Apley's criteria. RESULTS: Eight hundred and ten questionnaires were distributed, 734 (90.6%) were returned. Seventy seven (10.5%) had RAP. RAP was significantly higher in children who had changed their school (p=0.0026) and were being bullied at school (p=0.00098). School absenteeism was 80.5% in the RAP group compared to 45% among controls (p<0.0001). Twenty five (32.2%) and 16 (20.8%) children with RAP had disturbances in participation in sports and extracurricular activities respectively. Prevalence of RAP in good, average and poor academic performers was 11.2%, 11.5% and 10.4% respectively (p>0.05). Performance in the year-5-scholarship examination (12.6% in scholarship holders vs. 10.2% in failures) and child's participation in sports showed no association with RAP (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: RAP was associated with exposure to stressful events at school. School absenteeism was significantly higher among affected children. RAP was not associated with high academic achievement and participation in sports.Item Single dose treatment of mixed helminth infections--a comparison of three different regimes(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 1987) de Silva, D.G.H.; Lionel, N.D.; Premaratne, U.N.; Warnasuriya, N.; Soysa, P.E.; Fonseka, P.H.No abstract available