Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item A Study of morphological and morphometric variations in Sri Lankan femoral diaphysial nutrient foramina [Estudio de las variaciones morfológicas y morfométricas de los forámenes nutricios diafisarios de fémur en Sri Lanka](Universidad de la Frontera, 2020) Ranaweera, L.; Perera, P.I.; Pathiraja, P.P.M.C.K.; Sulani, W.N.; Wijesooriya, W.A.P.S.ABSTRACT: Blood supply to the diaphysis of long bones is majorly through nutrient artery, which enters the bone via nutrient foramen. The present study aims to identify morphological and morphometric variations of nutrient foramina of the femur, which is the largest long bone of the body extending from the pelvis to knee. A sample of 81 Sri Lankan adult femur were analyzed. The mean length of the femur analyzed was 436.93 mm and mean foramen index was 43.52. The majority of the bones had a single nutrient foramen. The predominant location of the nutrient foramen was on the posterior aspect of the bone in the middle third of the shaft according to the study. Majority of foramina were directed distally. The indices on nutrient foramen are important for procedures such as bone grafts and tumor resections, in managing trauma, orthopedic procedures and radiological interpretations. © 2020, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.Item Lipid profiles, anthropometry and dietary habits of adolescent school boys in Sri Lanka(HEC Press, Australia, 1997) Athukorala, T.M.S.; de Silva, L.D.R.; Jayasinghe, K.S.A.Serum lipid profiles, anthropometric parameters, dietary habits and smoking practice were determined in 637 adolescent school boys in the 10th to 13th year of school (mean age 16.7 ± 1.3 years), to determine the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in later life. They all attended schools in Colombo, the capital city (n=416), and two other cities, Negombo and Kurunegala. Seven percent of the subjects had body mass index (BMI) values above a reference range (for age 14-16, > 23.5 kg/m2; older than 16 years > 24.5 kg/m2). The mean serum total cholesterol concentration was within the reference range (158.9± 27.2 mg/dL: 4.11± 0.70 mmol/L), but 16.5% had values >185 mg/dL. The percentages of subjects with high LDL (low density lipoprotein)cholesterol (>110 mg/dL) and apolipoprotein B (>85 mg/dL) concentrations were 21.9 % and 23.0% respectively, while low HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol (<35 mg/dL) levels were noted in 27.3% of subjects. A significant (p<0.001) positive association was noted between serum total cholesterol concentration and BMI. There was no significant difference in the mean BMI or total cholesterol levels of subjects from the three areas in the age group 15-16.9 years. However, in the age group 17-18.9 years, subjects in the Kurunegala area had a lower prevalence of risk factors ie. significantly lower BMI and serum total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations than those in other areas. Overall, smoking prevalence was 4.5%, and higher in Colombo than in Negombo and Kurunegala. Further, the mean intake of cholesterol was significantly lower and the fibre intake was higher among subjects in Kurunegala, than those in other areas. Thirty two percent of subjects had a family history of coronary artery disease, hypertension or diabetes and these subjects had significantly higher BMI values than those who did not have a family history of the above diseases, but their lipid patterns were similar. Thus high BMI was a major factor leading to hypercholesterolaemi.Item Comparison of maternal anthropometry and a single symphysis fundal height measurement as a screening test for low birth weight babies(Sri Lanka College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1997) Gunasekera, P.C.; Wijesinghe, P.S.; Pathmeswaran, A.Objective To compare a single pre-delivery symphysis fundal height (SFH) measurement and maternal anthropometric measurements as screening methods for low birth weight (LBW). Material and methods SFH, weight, height and mid. upper arm circumference (MUAC) were measured in 525 consecutive pregnant women carrying singleton pregnancies admitted for delivery. Birthweight was recorded. Results 46 percent of the observed variation in birthweight of babies from singleton pregnancies is explained by the SFH. The predelivery height, weight, body mass index (BMl) and MUAC had less influence on birthweight. A SFH measurement of 34 cm or less detected 75 of 93 LBW babies. The sensitivity and specificity were 80.6 percent and 74.8 percent respectively. The negative predictive value at SFH of 34 cm or less was 94.7 percent. Conclusion A single pre-delivery SFH is a better screening test for LBW than pre-delivery maternal height, weight, BMI or MUAC and 95 percent of mothers with a SFH measurement of more than 34 cm delivered a baby weighing more than 2500g.Item Anthropometric indicators of children's nutrition in two Nigerian communities(Cambridge University Press, 1991) Ebomoyi, E.W.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.; Cherry, F.F.On a sample of some 2000 children living in two ecologically different zones (the Wooded and Guinea savanna) in Kwara state, Nigeria, body measurements were taken, to serve as indicators of the state of nutrition. There was more undernutrition in the Guinea savanna than in the Wooded. More males than females were undernourished in the Guinea savanna but not in the Wooded. It is argued that the differences between districts stem from social and cultural variables.